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# Teachings of Our Elders

North Dakota's Native American Essential Understandings

## Sitemaps

- [XML Sitemap](https://teachingsofourelders.org/sitemap.xml): Contains all public & indexable URLs for this website.

## Posts

- [Dunseith Culture Day, Summer 2023](https://teachingsofourelders.org/2023/08/dunseith-culture-day-summer-2023/) - Dunseith Culture Day: Bobbi Lyn Frederick: Fancy Shawl Dance & Beadwork Brenda Slater: Teaching Indigenous Youth Brooke Schroeder: Michif Jigging Dakota Gunville: Drum & Rattle Eric Poitra: Hunting & Diamond Willow Sticks Art Miles Phal: Ojibwe Math Sandra Poitra: Three Sisters & Gardening Sydney Short: Anishinabe & Seven Teachings
- [Lakota Virtues](https://teachingsofourelders.org/2023/06/lakota-virtues/) - Learn the language and meaning of seven traditional Lakota virtues We are excited to share this set of resources created by the South Dakota Office of Indian Education. These are seven brief videos highlighting seven traditional Lakota values as shared by Lakota Elders. We know educators and community members alike will find great uses for these

## Pages

- [Home](https://teachingsofourelders.org/) - Welcome to North Dakota Department of Public Instruction’s Teachings Of Our Elders website. This is the home of the North Dakota Native American Essential Understandings (NDNAEU) as well as a growing collection of Elder video interviews, lesson plans and other resources dedicated to helping Educators incorporate the NDNAEU into their classrooms and curriculum! View
- [SB 2304 Resources](https://teachingsofourelders.org/sb-2304-resources/) - The NDNAEU & SB 2304 Assorted Resources North Dakota Tribal Nation Histories Dakota Datebook: Teachings of Our Elders episodes Lakota Virtue Videos Responsive Practices For All Students: Learning Pathway for Educators Getting to Know the North Dakota Native American Essential Understandings: An Elder Wisdom Journal North Dakota Learning Principles: Indigenous Approaches and Methods for All
- [](https://teachingsofourelders.org/3814-2/)
- [Resources](https://teachingsofourelders.org/resources/) - Click to Explore Each Resource: Remarkable Women: Sacagawea Dakota Datebook: Teachings of Our Elders Podcast Series North Dakota PK-12 Education Strategic Vision Oyate Ta Olowan-The Songs of the People Lakota Storytelling with Duane Hollow Horn Bear ND Elder Teachings YouTube channel Teachings of Our Elders Facebook Page Teachings of Our Elders Twitter WoLakota Project website
- [Responsive Practices For All Students: Learning Pathway for Educators](https://teachingsofourelders.org/responsive-practices-for-all-students-learning-pathway-for-educators/) - Full North Dakota Indian Education Summit 2022 Presentation NDIES 2022 Turtle Mountain Learning Pathway Panel Keynote Slideshow Let Us Know You or Your School is Interested in a Responsive Practices for All Students Learning Pathway by Filling Out this Survey! Contact us for details: Lucy Fredericks lkfredericks@nd.gov Scott Simpson ssimpson@tie.net Sharla Steever ssteever@tie.net
- [Getting to Know the  North Dakota Native American Essential Understandings: An Elder Wisdom Journal](https://teachingsofourelders.org/getting-to-know-the-north-dakota-native-american-essential-understandings-an-elder-wisdom-journal/) - Download a printable copy of the NDNAEU Elder Wisdom Journal here. Download a fillable Google doc copy of the NDNAEU Elder Wisdom Journal here. Download the NDNAEU Document here. Background: In the Spring of 2021, the North Dakota State Legislature passed Senate Bill No. 2304, AN ACT to amend and reenact subsection 3 of section
- [Champion Pathway](https://teachingsofourelders.org/champion-pathway/) - Champion Resources / Trainings Intercultural Development Inventory Site Culturally Responsive Practices Training NDNAEU Overview "Elder Wisdom Journal" Training NDNAEU-Aligned Lesson Construction Resource Page
- [North Dakota Learning Principles](https://teachingsofourelders.org/north-dakota-learning-principles/) - Indigenous Approaches and Methods for All Learners North Dakota Learning PrinciplesIndigenous Approaches and Methods for All Learners Download North Dakota Learning Principles & Posters Here 1. Learning is purposeful as reflected in standards, culture, the individual, group identities, relevance to the learner, the teacher and the community. Learners are sacred, interconnected with their ancestors, Mother Earth and need
- [Interviews by NDNAEU](https://teachingsofourelders.org/interviews-ndnaeu/) - Click to search Interviews by each NDNAEU ALL NDNAEU 1 Interviews ALL NDNAEU 2 Interviews ALL NDNAEU 3 Interviews ALL NDNAEU 4 Interviews ALL NDNAEU 5 Interviews ALL NDNAEU 6 Interviews ALL NDNAEU 7 Interviews
- [The Real Thanksgiving](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-real-thanksgiving/)
- [The Rainbow Fish – Gifts I Bring to the World](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-rainbow-fish-gifts-i-bring-to-the-world/)
- [Boarding Schools](https://teachingsofourelders.org/boarding-schools/)
- [What Makes a Good Human Being?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/what-makes-a-good-human-being-an-exploration-of-indigenous-and-personal-virtues/)
- [Lesson Plans Aligned to the NDNAEU](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/) - Lessons by Grade Level Bands & Content: Elementary (all lessons) Elementary CultureElementary Fine & Performing ArtsElementary Language ArtsElementary MathElementary PE & HealthElementary ScienceElementary Social Studies Middle School (all lessons) Middle School Career & Technical Ed.Middle School CultureMiddle School Fine & Performing ArtsMiddle School Language ArtsMiddle School Library TechnologyMiddle School PE and HealthMiddle School ScienceMiddle School
- [Striving Readers Work Team](https://teachingsofourelders.org/striving-readers-work-team/) - The North Dakota Native American Essential Understandings (NDNAEU) were adopted by North Dakota as an on-going part of the state’s efforts to promote Culturally Responsive Practices and to provide Indigenous perspectives from local indigenous Elders for education. Literacy skills, especially in the forms of reading, writing, listening, viewing and speaking, are at the heart of
- [All Elder Interviews by NDNAEU](https://teachingsofourelders.org/all-elder-interviews/) - NDNAEU 1 Interviews NDNAEU 2 Interviews NDNAEU 3 Interviews NDNAEU 4 Interviews NDNAEU 5 Interviews NDNAEU 6 Interviews NDNAEU 7 Interviews
- [Lessons from the Drum](https://teachingsofourelders.org/lessons-from-the-drum/)
- [One Bull: A Man of Good Understanding](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/middle-school-lesson-plans/one-bull-a-man-of-good-understanding/)
- [Library & Technology](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/middle-school-lesson-plans/library-and-technology/)
- [Who Am I?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/high-school-lesson-plans/who-am-i/)
- [Boarding Schools](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/high-school-lesson-plans/boarding-schools/)
- [What’s In a Name?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/elementary-lesson-plans/whats-in-a-name/)
- [Ojibwe Legend of the Rainbow](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/elementary-lesson-plans/ojibwe-legend-of-the-rainbow/)
- [Iktomi’s Animal Warrior Society](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/elementary-lesson-plans/iktomis-animal-warrior-society/)
- [How Chipmunk Got His Stripes](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/elementary-lesson-plans/how-chipmunk-got-his-stripes/)
- [Animals and Weather](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/elementary-lesson-plans/animals-and-weather/)
- [You're No Better, But You're No Worse with Debbe Poitra](https://teachingsofourelders.org/poitra_7/) - "Learn About" Questions What are the reservations? How were the reservations formed and who lives there? How did the Michif language develop? What causes individuals to not want to leave the reservations? "Learn From" Questions How do I feel about being near to my family? What decisions do I make in my life based on
- [Working with TRIO with Carol Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/working-with-trio-with-carol-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions How important is it for leaders to have established external relationships that can help to achieve an ambitious, common goal. Tribal groups understand how working together, presenting a united front can be more successful than individual efforts in some circumstances. Carol’s story demonstrates that It takes more than intellect and skills to
- [Work Hard and Do Your Best](https://teachingsofourelders.org/work-hard-and-do-your-best/)
- [Winter Counts](https://teachingsofourelders.org/winter-counts-2/)
- [Winter Counts](https://teachingsofourelders.org/winter-counts/)
- [Wild Ricing](https://teachingsofourelders.org/wild-ricing/)
- [Who are the Native People of North Dakota?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/who-are-the-native-people-of-north-dakota/)
- [Who Am I? with Dyan Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/who-am-i-with-dyan-fox/) - How is identity impacted by knowing the history of a community?What does it mean to be people who come from the sky?What does it mean to be people who come from the land? What do I know about the history of where and who I am from?What is the story of my name? How and
- [Who Am I?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/who-am-i/)
- [What’s in a Name? with Jesse Cree](https://teachingsofourelders.org/whats-in-a-name-with-jesse-cree/) - "Learn About" Questions Why do some people feel that “names” are important? What is the significance of the names in the Cree culture? In Catholic faith? "Learn From" Questions What does my name signify for me? Did I ever wish that I had a different name? Why? Do I have any nicknames that I prefer
- [What’s In a Name?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/whats-in-a-name/)
- [What Will Get Us Through Covid 19?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/what-will-get-us-through-covid-19/)
- [What Stories Teach Us with Kade Ferris](https://teachingsofourelders.org/what-stories-teach-us-with-kade-ferris/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a Windigo? What is the Matee Rebellion of 1885? What is a “counter-narrative”? How do movements like Black Lives Matter and #MMIW (Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women) impact society’s understanding of issues that affect people of color? "Learn From" Questions What are some of my favorite stories from my childhood?
- [What is a Pipe Carrier?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/what-is-a-pipe-carrier/)
- [What do we call Native Americans?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/what-do-we-call-native-americans/)
- [We Feed People with Marc Bluestone](https://teachingsofourelders.org/we-feed-people-with-marc-bluestone/) - In what way does food add to sharing our culture with others?How are protocols, such as the order people are fed, opportunities to show and teach respect and promote culture?How does prayer and smudging help promote culture and language? What role does food play in my family’s gatherings?Are there protocols in my family gatherings for
- [We Begin with the Stars with JT Shining Oneside](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-7-jt-shining-oneside/) - "Learn About" Questions In what ways does identity begin in the womb? How do we begin with the stars? What does it mean to be a “Dream Walker” in Anishinabe tradition? What is a Clan? How are they formed? What does it mean to have your own warrior? What is a spirit name? How do
- [We All Pray to One God with Aileen Little Ghost](https://teachingsofourelders.org/we-all-pray-to-one-god-with-aileen-little-ghost/) - What is the purpose of participating in a Sweat?What are the Seven Rights/Values of the Sioux Nation?What languages are spoken by the Sioux Nation? Do I feel that I have been put here on earth for a reason? Do I have a sense of what that reason is?What values do I live by? What has
- [Wake up with Your Hero Every Morning with Pam Belgard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/wake-up-with-your-hero-every-morning-with-pam-belgard/) - "Learn About" Questions In what ways does the media transmit culture? How is culture influenced by the media? "Learn From" Questions What are some of the responsibilities in my life that might require me to put my career ambitions on hold? What “superheroes” from my culture do I wish I saw in comic books or
- [Virtues and Values](https://teachingsofourelders.org/virtues-and-values/)
- [Virtues & Values](https://teachingsofourelders.org/virtues-values/)
- [Using Media Arts to Tell a Cultural Story Through Laughter](https://teachingsofourelders.org/using-media-arts-to-tell-a-cultural-story-through-laughter/)
- [Unlearning & Relearning with Scott Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/unlearning-relearning-with-scott-davis/) - What is a stereotype? Why are they harmful?How do we get stereotypes?What are the best ways of "unlearning" something harmful?What are the best ways of "relearning" something that's been forgotten? Have I ever had to "unlearn" something that wasn't helpful? What? How difficult was it?What stereotypes create a problem for me? Are these stereotypes placed
- [Two Types of Education with Oliver Gourd](https://teachingsofourelders.org/two-types-education-oliver-gourd/) - "Learn About" Questions What does the word “wasicu” mean in Dakota? How is wasicu education different from Dakota education? What are examples of Native ceremonies? What is a “sweat?” Who is the pipe carrier? Who is a healer? Who are the singers and drummers? Who is someone who knows about medicines and herbs? How are
- [Tribal Stories and Family Stories with Jesse Cree](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tribal-stories-and-family-stories-with-jesse-cree/) - "Learn About" Questions What does the word mythological imply? Would it be more appropriate to call origin and other stories oral narratives rather than myths, tales, or legends? Protocol may be involved in storytelling: tobacco is offered to a grandfather who usually tells the stories.) What cultural concepts can be found in storytelling? Why is
- [Tribal Governments](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tribal-governments/)
- [Trees and Flutes with Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/trees-and-flutes-with-dan-jerome/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the significance of the Swiss man’s travels around the world with his tree? What is the significance of whistle holes? Why do Ojibwe flues have six? "Learn From" Questions Are there any specific customs or practices that I hold sacred? What are my dreams and aspirations for traveling the world?
- [Thirteen Moons on Turtle's Back](https://teachingsofourelders.org/thirteen-moons-on-turtles-back/)
- [They'll say, "I didn't know" with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/theyll-say-i-didnt-know-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. What creates a challenge for Native people to convey their stories to non-Natives? 2. Why is “I didn’t know that” a response from so many non-Native people? 3. How might that be used as an excuse? 4. Why is it important for young people to be able to express who they
- [There is No Wrong Way to Pray with Carol Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/no-wrong-way-pray-carol-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions What are some of the ceremonies practiced in Native American tribes? Why is it important to bring tobacco to an elder for a visit? What does it mean? How is going to ceremony similar to going to church? How is it different? What does the quote “There is no wrong way to
- [The Value of Language with Leander "Russ" MacDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-value-of-language-with-leander-russ-macdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions Where are speakers of the Arikara language found in North Dakota? Where are speakers of the Mandan language found in North Dakota? Where are speakers of the Hidatsa language found in North Dakota? "Learn From" Questions Is there a language other than English that I speak with my family? How does knowing
- [The Solutions are at Home with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-solutions-are-at-home-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. What data is there concerning the various resources available to the various tribes of the Oceti Sakowin? 2. What are the reasons those with the “know-how” can’t connect with the needed resources? 3. What kinds of “assessments” or “studies” have been done by the US government in the areas of education,
- [The Seven Virtues with Scott Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-seven-virtues-with-scott-davis/) - What are the Seven Virtues of the Lakota People?What is the current state of the Keystone and other pipelines in our country?How can education around important topics first help to create changes that need to happen? Why is an eagle feather or plume worn at special events? What is something in my life that I
- [The Seven Teachings with Alex Decoteau](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-seven-teachings-with-alex-decoteau/) - "Learn About" Questions What are the Ojibwa translations for each of these virtues? What are the basic “teachings” of other beliefs such as Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam? Are there commonalities among them? Differences? "Learn From" Questions What is my spiritual or religious affiliation? Did our Creator provide us with guidelines on how to behave?
- [The Medicine Wheel with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-medicine-wheel-with-demus-mcdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a medicine wheel? What are the colors of the medicine wheel and what order are they placed? What does each color represent? How does a medicine wheel help to represent the four Dakota Values? "Learn From" Questions How familiar am I with the medicine wheel? In what ways might the
- [The Meaning of Dance Regalia with Wayne Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/meaning-dance-regalia-wayne-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions What is regalia? Where do the stories of regalia come from? What is a plume? What does it represent? What is the headband? Why is it so important? Why were dances not allowed in the early 1900’s? What is a harness? What is it used for? In what way is it representative
- [The Importance of the Essential Understandings with Leander "Russ" MacDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/importance-essential-understandings-leander-russ-macdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions How are culture and language related to self-identity? How can the Essential Understandings serve both Native and non-Native people? How can growing in understanding of the cultural backgrounds of our neighbors help us to work together/collaborate? How does the history of Native people in North Dakota impact decision making in this state?
- [The Importance of Knowing Who You Are Parts I & II with Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-importance-of-knowing-who-you-are-with-dan-jerome/) -  "Learn About" Questions What is “blood quantum”? What is prejudice? How does it differ from racism? What is discrimination? What are issues in other areas of the United States that stem from prejudice and racism? Can someone be prejudiced against others and not know it? What are some resources that might help me explore
- [The Importance of Interconnectedness with Dr. Teresa Delorme](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-importance-of-interconnectedness-with-dr-teresa-delorme/) - "Learn About" Questions The worst thing that could happen to native people is the loss of their language. What is the thinking behind this statement? What other ways could an understanding of relatedness and acting on the concept be used today for positive life changes? What are the negative impacts now that Native peoples’ holistic
- [The Good and Bad Side to Boarding Schools with Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-good-and-bad-side-to-boarding-schools-with-dan-jerome/) - "Learn About" Questions What laws and policies were enacted in the United States concerning Native Americans? Who was Richard Pratt? Where were “Indian Boarding Schools” located in North Dakota? Do any still exist? "Learn From" Questions Does my family have experiences with boarding schools? What languages did my ancestors speak? Did my parents/grandparents teach me
- [The Dirty Thirties with Mary Bateman](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-6-7-dirty-thirties-mary-bateman/) - "Learn About" Questions What was life like in the 1930’s in rural North Dakota? What kinds of things were challenges for families living on farms? What kinds of problems did grasshoppers cause? How did people make it through the 1930’s with all of the challenges? What kinds of crops did people grow in rural North
- [The Clan System of the Ojibwe People](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-clan-system-of-the-ojibwe-people/)
- [Technology and Native American Culture through Language](https://teachingsofourelders.org/technology-and-native-american-culture-through-language/)
- [Teaching the Language with Joe White Mountain](https://teachingsofourelders.org/teaching-language-joe-white-mountain/) - "Learn About" Questions Why did children need to go to school around the age of six? Why did children need to learn English to attend school? Why did some people choose not to teach their children their Native language? "Learn From" Questions What is something I knew nothing about when I started school? How did
- [Teaching at Turtle Mountain with Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/teaching-at-turtle-mountain-with-dan-jesse/) - "Learn About" Questions How many Native American teachers are at my school? What is the population of Native American teachers in the State of North Dakota? "Learn From" Questions Are there people in my life whose words I value more than others? Why do I think that is? Do other people value the things that
- [Teacher Preparation Including the NDNAEU with Carmelita Lamb](https://teachingsofourelders.org/teacher-preparation-including-the-ndnaeu-with-carmelita-lamb/) - NDNAEU Alignment:
- [Sundance with Aileen Little Ghost](https://teachingsofourelders.org/sundance-with-aileen-little-ghost/) - How does attending ceremonies help individuals develop their sense of identity?What is a Vision Quest?Who are the Thunder Beings?What is a Sweat?What is a Sundance? What is my identity defined by? What helps me know who I am?Are there ceremonies that are part of my life? If so, what are they?Do I see myself as
- [Sports Mascots Depicting Native Americans](https://teachingsofourelders.org/sports-mascots-depicting-native-americans/)
- [Spending Time and Money with Catherine Howard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-7-catherine-howard/) - "Learn About" Questions What does identity mean when referring to an individual? What does identity mean when referring to a group of people? How do identities differ in reference to an individual or a group? How do things like what we do and how we spend our money impact our identities? "Learn From" Questions How
- [Societies & Their Purpose with Dennis Fox Jr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/societies-their-purpose-with-dennis-fox-jr/) - What is a society in the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nations?How did societies begin?What are some examples of positions within societies?What is the Corn Bundle of the Mandan?How do the societies interact with one another?How did some societies revitalize?What role does prayer play in societies? Do I belong to groups that I consider to be
- [Societies & Ceremonies with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/societies-ceremonies-with-charles-moran/) - What is “Crows Fly High”?Who are the “Hoskas”How was the lake named after Sakakawea?What’s an earth lodge village?Why are earth lodges so warm?What are societies?What are the “Black Mouth” and “Antelope” societies? Have I ever been on a “tour” of a historic community or place? What did I learn?Were there societies or special organizations I
- [Sharing Cultural Knowledge with Kade Ferris](https://teachingsofourelders.org/sharing-cultural-knowledge-with-kade-ferris/) - "Learn About" Questions Where can I go in my community to learn about aspects of my culture if I don’t have someone who is able to teach me? In what ways can I help improve my community? "Learn From" Questions Who are the people in my life who have modeled cultural practices and values for
- [Sedentary & Nomadic](https://teachingsofourelders.org/sedentary-nomadic/)
- [Sacred Organizations with Carol Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/sacred-organizations-with-carol-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a yuwipi ceremony? Why was it so important for Carol and her colleagues to get their tribal college started? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever had to go the extra mile to accomplish a goal? What hurdles did I have to overcome? What steps did I take to achieve it?
- [Sacagawea](https://teachingsofourelders.org/sacagawea/)
- [Rules are Important with Jerome Dancing Bull](https://teachingsofourelders.org/rules-are-important-with-jerome-dancing-bull/) - In what way is having young girls walk behind men, not in front of them a way of showing respect?Why has this rule changed over time?Why is it a sign of respect to not go near a Medicine Man? Is this rule still in place?How do rules around separating men and women and also around
- [Respect](https://teachingsofourelders.org/respect-2/)
- [Respect](https://teachingsofourelders.org/respect/)
- [Reservation Way of Life](https://teachingsofourelders.org/reservation-way-of-life/)
- [Religion, Education, Economics, Politics & Spirituality with Gerald Packineau](https://teachingsofourelders.org/religion-education-economics-politics-spirituality-with-gerald-packineau/) - "Learn About" Questions Have I ever gone through something in my life that caused me to become resilient? What was it and how did I get through it? What are examples of resiliency I have seen in my life? "Learn From" Questions What role has education played in my life? How do politics affect me
- [Regalia versus Costumes](https://teachingsofourelders.org/regalia-versus-costumes/)
- [Reconciliation with Kade Ferris](https://teachingsofourelders.org/reconciliation-with-kade-ferris/) - "Learn About" Questions What efforts have indigenous communities and non-indigenous communities been making toward reconciliation? What are the challenges in achieving reconciliation? "Learn From" Questions Have I experienced worrying about what other people think? How has that impacted me? Are there people or situations in my life that might benefit from the process of reconciliation?
- [Proud to Be Dakota with Kenneth Jerome Hill](https://teachingsofourelders.org/proud-to-be-dakota-with-kenneth-jerome-hill/) - "Learn About" Questions What does it mean to be Dakota? How does knowing the language help Dakota people with their identity? How do we create pride in where we come from? "Learn From" Questions What do I know about my racial/cultural identity? How did I learn about it? What other things help me to define
- [Promoting Healthy Communities with Pam Belgard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/promoting-healthy-communities-with-pam-belgard/) - "Learn About" Questions What is diabetes? Why are some groups at greater risk for developing diabetes than others? "Learn From" Questions Is diabetes a concern in my family? In my community? What activities interest me that promote a healthy lifestyle? What are some of the initiatives in my community that address the diabetes epidemic? What
- [Powwows 101](https://teachingsofourelders.org/powwows-101/)
- [Pictographs and Petroglyphs](https://teachingsofourelders.org/pictographs-and-petroglyphs/)
- [Perseverance](https://teachingsofourelders.org/perseverance/)
- [Our Traditional Way of Life is Our Reality](https://teachingsofourelders.org/our-traditional-way-of-life-is-our-reality/)
- [Our Teens Need More Things to Do with Dusty Olson](https://teachingsofourelders.org/our-teens-need-more-things-to-do-with-dusty-olson/) - What are the options for young people to do in reservation communities?How does a lack of opportunities for teens impact them?What might be options that could be started? What did I like to do as a child? A teen? A young adult?Did I have opportunities to do the things I enjoyed? Why or why not?How
- [Our Greatest Challenge with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/our-greatest-challenge-with-charles-moran/) - "Learn About" Questions What are some of the reasons that Native Identity has been difficult to keep? What might it mean to hit this challenge “head on”? "Learn From" Questions Are there parts of my identity that I find difficult to share with others? Why? How might my life be different if I chose to
- [Our Culture Includes Everything with Alex Decoteau](https://teachingsofourelders.org/our-culture-includes-everything-with-alex-decoteau/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the difference between “knowledge” and “wisdom”? In what ways do we grow from learning about our own culture? From other cultures? "Learn From" Questions Who do I consider a grandfather, teacher, or, mentor? What important teachings about life has that person encouraged me to learn? How do I see my
- [Ojibway Legend of the Rainbow](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ojibway-legend-of-the-rainbow/)
- [Nutrition with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/nutrition-with-charles-moran/) - What diabetes or nutrition programs exist in Native communities?What is “traditional mealing”?What is “frybread”?How might a German way of cooking fried bread have been transferred to Native American tribes?What is Fleischkuekle?Do most Native American people have difficulty digesting milk products? Do I consider nutrition and health as I choose what to eat? In what ways?Have
- [Not What Hollywood Says with Scott Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/not-what-hollywood-says-with-scott-davis/) - What are some examples of how Hollywood has portrayed Native Americans in movies?What is an example of a Native American stereotype?Why have Native Americans been documented by so many non-Native people? Have I ever been a victim of someone’s stereotype of people like me? What was the experience like?Are there ways that my cultural background
- [Needs and Wants](https://teachingsofourelders.org/needs-and-wants/)
- [Native People in Communication Part II with Pam Belgard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/natives-in-communication-part-ii-with-pam-belgard/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the role of a film producer? A production assistant? What positions are available on a film production? How can our community best utilize elders as mentors for the youth? What are ways that different cultures view elders? "Learn From" Questions Who are my mentors? Who do I go to for
- [Native People in Communication Part I with Pam Belgard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/natives-in-communication-part-i-with-pam-belgard/) - "Learn About" Questions What is independent television production? What is the difference between radio and television production? What options are available for a career in communications? "Learn From" Questions Who are the people in my family who have served in the military? Did any of my ancestors fight in war? Have I traveled to other
- [Native Animals & Sacred Laws in North Dakota](https://teachingsofourelders.org/native-animals-in-north-dakota/)
- [Napkin Proposal with Carol Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/napkin-proposal-with-carol-davis/) -  "Learn About" Questions What is your definition of “grit”? "Learn From" Questions Was there ever a time you had to complete a goal, but had no experience to get the job done? What steps did you take to accomplish the goal? Have you ever had to skew the truth to get something accomplished? Were
- [My Family and My Identity](https://teachingsofourelders.org/my-family-and-my-identity/)
- [My Family and My Identity](https://teachingsofourelders.org/my-family-and-my-identity-2/)
- [Moving Out of a Cycle of Despair with Lorraine Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/moving-cycle-despair-lorraine-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions Why is it important to help individuals look into the quiet parts of the mind when they are starting to struggle? What are some reasons that individuals fall into patterns of addiction? How do children with good homes end up in these negative cycles? What role does anger or resentment play in
- [Michif Language with Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/michif-language-with-dan-jerome/) -  "Learn About" Questions What are the official languages recognized by the State of North Dakota? How many indigenous languages are spoken in the State of North Dakota? "Learn From" Questions What is my experience speaking with people whose first language is something other than English? Have I ever assisted someone who needed help, but
- [Meeting the Needs of the Seventy Percent with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/meeting-the-needs-of-the-seventy-percent-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. Why are 70 percent of Native children unable to graduate? 2. Where are they going? 3. In what ways can educators begin to address the needs of the 70 percent without affecting the success of the 30 percent? 4. Are the 70 percent Jesse speaks of part of the prophecy? 5.
- [Medicine Wheel with Aileen Little Ghost](https://teachingsofourelders.org/medicine-wheel-with-aileen-little-ghost/) - What does each part of the Medicine Wheel represent?What do the colors mean?How does the Medicine Wheel help us understand life? Are there symbols that are important to me in my life? What are they and why are they important to me?How do symbols, colors, etc. impact my life? Do they help me?Are there things
- [Medicine Wheel Teachings](https://teachingsofourelders.org/medicine-wheel-teachings/)
- [Mascots and Stereotypes with Scott Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/mascots-and-stereotypes-with-scott-davis/) - What is an example of Native American stereotype in North Dakota?What are the current Native American mascots that are still used in sports?In what ways do history books sometimes only share one side of a story? Examples? Have I ever been a part of a team or group that had a name or mascot that
- [Manhood and Womanhood](https://teachingsofourelders.org/manhood-and-womanhood/)
- [Manhood & Womanhood](https://teachingsofourelders.org/manhood-womanhood/)
- [Listening and Learning with Dr Wayne Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-7-dr-wayne-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions What are the challenges of growing up with more than one cultural heritage? What are the benefits of growing up with more than one cultural heritage? What is the Hidatsa “order” for giving things away? What are the Arikara ways of giving? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever had a teacher who was
- [Lifesavers with Martha Bird Bear](https://teachingsofourelders.org/lifesavers-martha-bird-bear-ndnaeu-4-7/) - "Learn About" Questions How prevalent is diabetes in North Dakota? What kinds of problems does diabetes create for individuals and families dealing with it? How might laughter help individuals and families deal with an illness? "Learn From" Questions In Martha’s story, a Lifesaver in some ways truly was a life-saver…what might I consider to be
- [Library Technology](https://teachingsofourelders.org/library-technology/)
- [Let Children Know Their Relatives with Arlene Wadsworth](https://teachingsofourelders.org/let-children-know-their-relatives-with-arlene-wadsworth/) - Why is it important for children/young people to have a strong knowledge of their relatives?How can people find out about their relatives if they don’t know them? What do I know about my extended family? Are there relatives that are close but I haven’t met them before?Does knowing about my family and extended family help
- [Legal and Ethical with Carmelita Lamb](https://teachingsofourelders.org/legal-and-ethical-with-carmelita-lamb/) - "Learn About" Questions How and why were boarding schools established in the United States?Where were/are some of the boarding schools in the United States, and what was/is their reputation?What were Jim Crow Laws? How are the impact of the Jim Crow Laws on African American people similar to the impact of boarding schools on Native
- [Learning With Humor](https://teachingsofourelders.org/learning-with-humor/)
- [Learning to Pray with Grandpa with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/learning-to-pray-with-grandpa-with-demus-mcdonald/) - What nation represents each direction in Dakota tradition?Why do Dakota people pray to the different directions?Why is a pipe and tobacco often used for prayer? What is prayer to me? Is it important to who I am?Who taught me to pray?What kinds of things do I pray for? Why?
- [Learning to Pray From Grandpa with Angeline Fourth Iron Road](https://teachingsofourelders.org/learning-pray-grandpa-angeline-fourth-iron-road/) - "Learn About" Questions Why do some people get up early to sing and pray? What are some songs that are sung to the Creator in the morning? What is the morning star? Why is prayer repeated again at night? Why are stories told at night? "Learn From" Questions What do I remember about early mornings
- [Learning Sahnish with Kathryn Froelich](https://teachingsofourelders.org/froelich_7/) - "Learn About" Questions What is identity and why is it important? How does a strong sense of identity help individuals as they grow? What is the Sahnish language? Why is it important for people to continue to learn languages such as the Sahnish language? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever worked to learn something about
- [Learning From Family Members with Gerald Packineau](https://teachingsofourelders.org/learning-from-family-members-with-gerald-packineau/) - "Learn About" Questions What does it mean to have resiliency? Who helps us learn to be resilient? How can children learn to be resilient? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever gone through something in my life that caused me to become resilient? What was it and how did I get through it? What are examples
- [Learning From Each Other](https://teachingsofourelders.org/learning-from-each-other-2/)
- [Latin & Dakota with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/latin-dakota-with-demus-mcdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions "Learn From" Questions NDNAEU Alignment:
- [Language is Everything with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/language-is-everything-with-charles-moran/) - "Learn About" Questions What does Charles mean when he says, “Language is everything”? What is impacted by the loss of language? How does it change the meaning if songs cannot be sung in native language and prayers can’t be said in native language? How does language help individuals to live holistic lives? "Learn From" Questions
- [Lakota Sense of Humor & Freedom with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/lakota-sense-of-humor-freedom-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. Are there any well-known Lakota comedians? 2. Are there any well-known Native American comedians? 3. What are the details within the Lakota language that allow for this sense of humor that are lost in translation? 4. In what ways do the various Tiospaye work together despite differences? 5. How many differing
- [Lakota Language with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/lakota-language-with-jesse-taken-alive/) -  "Learn About" Questions 1. What are the spiritual connections for individuals who learn to speak their Lakota language? 2. What are the laws and policies that historically banned the speaking and learning of native languages? Why were these laws and policies passed? How were they overturned? 3. In what ways did the Elders “go
- [Knowing My Culture with Charles Hunter](https://teachingsofourelders.org/knowing-my-culture-with-charles-hunter/) - Where is the Ft. Berthold Reservation? What tribes live on this Reservation?How do songs help to teach about culture and language?What role does storytelling play in passing on the history of a people? Is my own cultural background something I am curious about or interested in learning more about? Why or why not?Has music played
- [Know Your Gifts](https://teachingsofourelders.org/know-your-gifts/)
- [Know Your Gift](https://teachingsofourelders.org/know-your-gift/)
- [Kinship and Etiquette with Gladys Hawk](https://teachingsofourelders.org/kinship-and-etiquette-with-gladys-hawk/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. What is kinship? 2. What does family etiquette look like and how is respect defined by it? 3. How should things like the problem of incest be addressed today? 4. What were the camps like of early times? "Learn From" Questions 1. Who are the people I consider a part of
- [Kids Grew Up Learning About Others with Arlene Wadsworth](https://teachingsofourelders.org/kids-grew-up-learning-about-others-with-arlene-wadsworth/) - How do urban areas and rural areas differ from one another? How are they similar?Where is St. Michael’s Boarding School?What is it like to attend a boarding school? Do I have experience living in a large city? If so, what was/is it like?How is living in a large city different from living in a small,
- [Keep Speaking Our Language with Mary Bateman](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-7-keep-speaking-language-mary-bateman/) - "Learn About" Questions Why is it important to continue to speak our non-dominant languages as much as possible? What causes the loss of a language? What is needed to keep a language active and current? Why can certain languages provide more meaning to certain words than other languages can? "Learn From" Questions Do I know
- [It Takes a Village to Raise a Child](https://teachingsofourelders.org/it-takes-a-village-to-raise-a-child/)
- [Introduction with Scott Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/introduction-with-scott-davis/) - How and when did Mr. Davis become North Dakota's Indian Affairs Commissioner?What's the difference between being a "member" of a tribe and a "descendant" of a tribe?Where is Standing Rock?Where is Turtle Mountain? What role did "education" play in my family? What was our attitude toward schools and/or learning?What did my parents do for a
- [Introduction with Kade Ferris](https://teachingsofourelders.org/introduction-with-kade-ferris/) - "Learn About" Questions Does my community have a department of natural resources? What kinds of initiatives do they have in my community? "Learn From" Questions Who are my parents and grandparents? Or, who has stepped into the role of parent or grandparent if my biological family was unable to? Is it important to have an
- [Introduction with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/jesse-taken-alive-introduction/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. Where is Standing Rock Reservation? 2. Where is Running Antelope/Little Eagle community? 3. Why does Mr. Taken Alive refer to his community as Bear Soldier rather than McLaughlin? What is the story behind both names? 4. How is tribal government on Standing Rock structured? What does a Tribal Chairman do? 5.
- [Introduction with Jerome Dancing Bull](https://teachingsofourelders.org/introduction-with-jerome-dancing-bull/) - What are the Fox Society and Antelope Society?What are the names of other Societies in the Hidatsa Tribe?What does it mean to be a “crier” for a society?What are some examples of the Hidatsa and Mandan languages? What does it mean to “Dance Like Bears?” Am I or is someone I know a member of a
- [Introduction in Anishinaabe with Pam Belgard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/introduction-in-anishinaabe-with-pam-belgard/) - "Learn About" Questions Who are the Anishinaabe? What are some other names they are known by? What bands make up the Anishinaabe people? What areas of North America did the Anishinaabe originally occupy? What areas do they now occupy? "Learn From" Questions How do I introduce myself when I am in formal settings? Informal settings?
- [Introduction and Prayer with Alex Decoteau](https://teachingsofourelders.org/introduction-and-prayer-with-alex-decoteau/) - "Learn About" Questions Why do some indigenous groups use tobacco? What is the difference between sacred tobacco and commercial tobacco? Where can I find information on the differences between sacred tobacco and commercial tobacco? "Learn From" Questions What community did I grow up in? Was my family here for generations before me? What do family
- [Introduction & Welcoming New Teachers with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/introduction-welcoming-new-teachers-with-charles-moran/) - How do various Native American tribes give individuals names?How did the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara people come to be one recognized tribe? (“Three Affiliated Tribes” or “MHA”)What are “Plains People”?What programs help people teach in Native communities in order to pay off school loans?What is “Historical Grief”?What are the “public events” that happen in the
- [Individual, Family, Community with Gerald Packineau](https://teachingsofourelders.org/individual-family-community-gerald-packineau/) - "Learn About" Questions How does helping individuals help families? How does helping families help communities? How does trauma and victimhood affect survival? How do we carry on important stories and pieces of our history? What is the ripple effect of mentoring? "Learn From" Questions What is my connection as an individual to my family? To
- [Indigenous Peoples Day vs Columbus Day](https://teachingsofourelders.org/indigenous-peoples-day-vs-columbus-day/)
- [Indian Names with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/indian-names-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. How difficult is it for young people to leave the reservation and go off to college or to work somewhere else? What are the challenges? 2. How has your “Indian” name set you apart or made you stand out? What are the positives? What struggles has it created? 3. What is
- [Iktomi’s Animal Warrior Society](https://teachingsofourelders.org/iktomis-animal-warrior-society/)
- [Identity Shields](https://teachingsofourelders.org/identity-shields/)
- [Identity Crisis with Dennis Fox Jr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/identity-crisis-with-dennis-fox-jr/) - What is an earth lodge?Where are earth lodges located in North Dakota?How did helping young people work on an earth lodge help to develop their identity?In what ways does knowing the history of a community help with developing identity? What is my personal story of understanding and developing my identity?Who in my life has impacted
- [I Want to Share so I Don’t Just Take it With Me with Aileen Little Ghost](https://teachingsofourelders.org/i-want-to-share-so-i-dont-just-take-it-with-me-with-aileen-little-ghost/) - What are ways that prayer helps us to prepare?What are ways that people pray?What does it mean for a prayer to be answered?Who is Tunkasila? What role does prayer play in my life? Why?Have I ever experienced a prayer being answered? What was it like?What kinds of things do I tend to pray about? Why?Who
- [Hunting and Gathering](https://teachingsofourelders.org/hunting-and-gathering/)
- [Humility with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/humility-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. What does it mean to acknowledge that Tunkasila is a part of what you are doing? 2. Why is it important to know that we are all the same? "Learn From" Questions 1. What is something “greater than you” that you acknowledge in your life? 2. How does it change the
- [Humility in our Actions](https://teachingsofourelders.org/humility-in-our-actions/)
- [How We Give New Things a Name with Patricia Christensen](https://teachingsofourelders.org/how-we-give-new-things-a-name-with-patricia-christensen/) - How did Patricia’s Grandpa get his name?How are animals not indigenous to this area named? i.e. elephants, giraffes, etc.How would a dictionary help with the development and preservation of the Dakota Language? Have I ever come across something I have never seen before and tried to explain it to someone? How did I do it?Do
- [How the Michif Came to Be with Vincent Grant Sr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/how-the-michif-came-to-be-with-vincent-grant-sr/) - "Learn About" Questions What kinds of relationships did the fur traders create with indigenous peoples of the area? Who are the non-Indigenous people who engaged in the fur trade? Where did they come from? "Learn From" Questions What does “respect” mean to me? In what ways can people from different cultural backgrounds demonstrate respect? Have
- [How Chipmunk Got His Stripes](https://teachingsofourelders.org/how-chipmunk-got-his-stripes/)
- [How California Was Different with Edna Cavanaugh](https://teachingsofourelders.org/how-california-was-different-with-edna-cavanaugh/) - Why is there more diversity in California than in North Dakota? Is North Dakota becoming more diverse?How might having a large variety of people living together help them to get along? Are most people where I live similar to me in race, culture, ethnicity, etc.?Do I have experience being with people who come from different backgrounds
- [Housing Structures of the Native People of North Dakota](https://teachingsofourelders.org/housing-structures-of-the-native-people-of-north-dakota/)
- [Hopes for the Future with Patricia Christensen](https://teachingsofourelders.org/hopes-for-the-future-with-patricia-christensen/) - What are ways the Dakota Language might be preserved and revived?Why is it important to prevent a language from being lost?What happens if a language is lost?How might communities work to become more and more united? What languages are or were spoken by members of my family? Do I know and understand these languages? How does
- [Hopes for My Son with Eya Co Nape Tasunka Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/hopes-son-eya-co-nape-tasunka-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions How do young people develop an interest in dance? When do young people have an opportunity to learn traditional dances? Why is it important to give young people opportunities to see and learn about traditional dance? "Learn From" Questions What are my interests? When did I notice I had this interest? Are
- [Hope, Faith, Forgiveness and Unity with Aileen Little Ghost](https://teachingsofourelders.org/hope-faith-forgiveness-and-unity-with-aileen-little-ghost/) - What/who are the Oceti Sakowin?Where do the people of the Oceti Sakowin live?What are ways of helping to promote things like hope, faith, forgiveness and unity in our lives? What does hope look like in my life?What role does faith play in my life? Forgiveness?Is promoting unity important to me? If so, how do I
- [Hoop Dancing, Beadwork & Passing on Tradition with Wayne Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/hoop-dancing-beadwork-passing-tradition-wayne-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the hoop dance? What is the grass dance? Why is it important to know the story of each piece of regalia that is worn? How does dancing help individuals to develop confidence and self-esteem? What are the names of traditional Mandan/Hidatsa/Arikara dances? "Learn From" Questions Do I have special items
- [Hoop Dance History and Lessons with Wayne Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/hoop-dance-history-lessons-wayne-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the hoop dance? How does the circle represent life? In what ways does the hoop represent our lives? How do the hoops help us to tell our stories? What is the grass dance? How are things like dances passed on from one generation to the next? "Learn From" Questions How
- [Historical Trauma](https://teachingsofourelders.org/historical-trauma/)
- [Hidatsa Joke with Martha Bird Bear](https://teachingsofourelders.org/hidatsa-joke-martha-bird-bear-ndnaeu-7-4/) - "Learn About" Questions Where are Hidatsa speakers primarily found in North Dakota? Is it possible to translate Hidatsa directly into English without losing meaning or nuance? Why do Native Americans use their lips to point out direction? Is it similar to other methods of pointing found in other cultures? Why might words for directions (north,
- [Hidatsa Clans System](https://teachingsofourelders.org/hidatsa-clans-system/)
- [Heritage and the Arts](https://teachingsofourelders.org/heritage-and-the-arts/)
- [Helping Students Succeed with Carol Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/helping-students-succeed-with-carol-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions What are the barriers to completing college? What is “culture shock?” Is obtaining a college degree an important factor to success? Explain. "Learn From" Questions Have you ever experienced “culture shock?” Have you ever been far from home with little support around you? How did you deal with that? Recall the first
- [Get Your Behind Moving with Pam Belgard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/get-your-behind-moving-with-pam-belgard/) - "Learn About" Questions Who is Dr. Emasaru Emoto? "Learn From" Questions Who are the “heroes” I follow on social media? What do they do that inspires me? Motivates me? In what ways can I be a “hero” for other youth in my community? What are my thoughts about the saying “Pull yourself up by your
- [Geography and Interconnectedness](https://teachingsofourelders.org/geography-and-interconnectedness/)
- [Geographical Regions](https://teachingsofourelders.org/geographical-regions-2/)
- [Geographical Regions](https://teachingsofourelders.org/geographical-regions/)
- [Fort Days with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/fort-days-charles-moran/) - "Learn About" Questions What years were known as the “Fort Days?” Why were ceremonies abolished at this time? What threat did they pose? Why was the assimilation of Native people seen as so important at this time? What role did the “Indian Commissioner” play on each reservation? Where did their instructions come from? When was
- [Food Pyramid](https://teachingsofourelders.org/food-pyramid/)
- [Flying First Class with Carol Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/flying-first-class-with-carol-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions What leadership qualities are demonstrated in the story about Carol? Is storytelling a powerful learning tool? Why? What protocol is there for storytelling in some cultures? "Learn From" Questions Who are the “movers and shakers” in your community? Are you a leader? Would you aspire to become a change-maker? NDNAEU Alignment:
- [Flutes and Stories with Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/flutes-and-stories-with-dan-jerome/) -  "Learn About" Questions Why is it important to create cultural objects of beauty and function? Which is more important—the finished product or the process of making cultural art? How can creating a functional object such as a soup ladle be considered a work of art? Is “cultural change” appropriate or even necessary in some
- [Flutes & Gender Roles with Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/flutes-gender-roles-with-dan-jerome/) - "Learn About" Questions How do wooden flutes differ from the brass flutes we see in orchestra or band? What are some examples of gender roles? How have those roles changed over the years? "Learn From" Questions What background information could I share about an art piece I have created or plan to create? How does
- [Family Tree and Native Americans](https://teachingsofourelders.org/family-tree-and-native-americans/)
- [Family](https://teachingsofourelders.org/family-2/)
- [Family](https://teachingsofourelders.org/family/)
- [English is a Foreign Language in North Dakota](https://teachingsofourelders.org/english-is-a-foreign-language-in-north-dakota/)
- [Elders in the Community with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/elders-in-the-community-with-charles-moran/) - "Learn About" Questions What role do culture and language instructors play in communities? When do individuals become elders in their communities? What defines an elder? How does being and elder and knowing the language and culture help others? "Learn From" Questions Who is someone in my life who knows about my own culture and background?
- [Economic Transition with Lorraine Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/economic-transition-lorraine-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions In what ways do larger communities offer more opportunities for success for young people? What social issues are plaguing our reservation communities? Why are these issues escalated at times in many of our Native communities? What is economic transition? What are examples that cause individuals to be in the midst of economic
- [Eagle Feather Significance](https://teachingsofourelders.org/eagle-feather-significance/)
- [Drug Use and Its Effects on Individuals](https://teachingsofourelders.org/drug-use-and-its-effects-on-individuals/)
- [Dancing with Nature in Classroom or Gymnasium](https://teachingsofourelders.org/dancing-with-nature-in-classroom-or-gymnasium/)
- [Dancing with Mother Earth (Aki) (Onci Maka) for Circle Learning.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/dancing-with-mother-earth-aki-onci-maka-for-circle-learning/)
- [Dakota Values with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/dakota-values-with-demus-mcdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions How is speaking Dakota language different for men and for women? What are some examples of the differences in Dakota language for men and for women? What are some of the phrases that Demus shares in Dakota? What are the four Dakota Values? How did a turkey help Demus to learn these
- [Cultural Values and Respecting Elders with Jesse Cree](https://teachingsofourelders.org/cultural-values-and-respecting-elders-with-jesse-cree/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the difference between “values” and “expectations”? Why are elders so important to the Turtle Mountain Community? "Learn From" Questions What values was I brought up with? Who taught me those values? Are values taught to me in school? What challenges do I encounter that make it difficult to honor the
- [Cultural Identity with Kade Ferris](https://teachingsofourelders.org/cultural-identity-with-kade-ferris/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the Relocation Act of 1956? How did it influence Native American’s cultural identity? What technological resources are available in my community to help me learn about my culture and other cultures in my area or around the world? "Learn From" Questions What culture do I identify the most closely with?
- [Cross-Cultural Knowledge with Leander "Russ" MacDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/cross-cultural-knowledge-with-leander-russ-macdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions How does it help individuals to have knowledge in their own culture as well as others’ cultures? What are examples of similarities between Norwegian and Native cultures? How is “showing off money” or “drawing attention” to yourself seen within the Native culture? "Learn From" Questions What cultures besides my own am I
- [Creating Space in Our Community for Learning, Growing and Appreciation](https://teachingsofourelders.org/creating-space-in-our-community-for-learning-growing-and-appreciation/)
- [Contemporary Rendezvous Reenactors with Vincent Grant Sr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/contemporary-rendezvous-reenactors-with-vincent-grant-sr/) - "Learn About" Questions How has the fur trade era persisted through today? What parts of the animals were taken and used for trade? "Learn From" Questions What sorts of things do I trade with my friends and family? What traditions does my family (or circle of support) take part in? Why is it important to
- [Combining Technology with Culture with Pam Belgard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/combining-technology-with-culture-with-pam-belgard/) - "Learn About" Questions How can technology be used to preserve culture? How has technology provided us with access to learning about ancient cultures? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever had a vision or dream that has helped provide direction in my life? What are some possible reasons that elders in my family have hesitated to
- [Columbus](https://teachingsofourelders.org/columbus/)
- [College Experiences with Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/college-experiences-with-dan-jerome/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the population of Native students at my school? What tribal nations do the students come from? "Learn From" Questions What teachers have encouraged me to do positive things in school? Do they encourage me to do positive things outside of school? What are some experiences I have where teachers might
- [Clans & Societies with Charles Hunter](https://teachingsofourelders.org/clans-societies-with-charles-hunter/) - What are the 7 Clans of the MHA tribes?What does it mean to be a 3 Clan member or a 4 Clan member?What does it mean to be a member of your mother’s clan and a child of your father’s clan?What are the names of the Societies of the MHA tribes?How do the structures of
- [Changing Cultures](https://teachingsofourelders.org/changing-cultures-2/)
- [Buffalo and the Boat](https://teachingsofourelders.org/buffalo-and-the-boat/)
- [Brother Eagle, Sister Sky](https://teachingsofourelders.org/brother-eagle-sister-sky/)
- [Boarding Schools & Assimilation with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/boarding-schools-assimilation-charles-moran/) - "Learn About" Questions What are boarding schools? Who developed them? Why were they used? Who is Captain Pratt? What role does Carlisle Boarding School play in history? How did Captain Pratt’s quote, “Kill the Indian, save the man” impact how boarding schools were run? At what age did most children leave to attend boarding schools?
- [Boarding School Impact on Language with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/boarding-school-impact-on-language-with-demus-mcdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions Where is St. Michael’s Boarding School, and what years did it run? How was St. Michael’s Boarding School established and why? Why were students not allowed to speak their Native languages? How did students who only spoke a Native language learn to speak English? Why were physical punishments used to prevent students
- [Birchbark Scrolls and Life’s Purpose with Jesse Cree](https://teachingsofourelders.org/birchbark-scrolls-and-lifes-purpose-with-jesse-cree/) - "Learn About" Questions What are birchbark scrolls? Why is important to understand one’s purpose in life? How does culture guide life’s purpose? "Learn From" Questions How do my family or my teachers help to support me through challenges? Who are the people in my life who teach me about expectations and spirituality? What does success
- [Behavior Expectations and the 7 Grandfather Teachings](https://teachingsofourelders.org/behavior-expectations-and-the-7-grandfather-teachings/)
- [Be Proud of Who You Are with Kevin Finley](https://teachingsofourelders.org/be-proud-of-who-you-are-with-kevin-finley/) - Who are some examples of people that the younger generation tends to emulate?Why do young people tend to try to “be like” the people they follow? How does it help them?How is teasing in the traditional Hidatsa way different from what many people consider teasing in general? Is there someone in my life that I
- [Be Proud of Who You Are with Dusty Olson](https://teachingsofourelders.org/be-proud-of-who-you-are-with-dusty-olson/) - How do Elders help us to understand the world around us?What are some of the ways that Elders passing on impacts communities?How do Elders help us with understanding our identity? Who are important Elders in my life? What is my relationship to them?How would I answer the question, “Where do you come from?”Do I consider
- [Animal Lesson](https://teachingsofourelders.org/animal-lesson/)
- [AMH Enrollment with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/amh-enrollment-charles-moran/) - "Learn About" Questions Prior to the Indian Relocation Act, how many Arikara, Hidatsa and Mandan people live in North Dakota? How many enrolled members are in the AMH tribes today? Why are numbers used for enrollment? What does a “U” in the number mean? What outside influences are present in tribal communities today? How do
- [American Dream, Lakota Dream with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/american-dream-lakota-dream-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions "Learn From" Questions NDNAEU Alignment:
- [Am I an Indian?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/am-i-an-indian-2/)
- [Am I an Indian?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/am-i-an-indian/)
- [All About Smudging](https://teachingsofourelders.org/all-about-smudging-2/)
- [All About Smudging](https://teachingsofourelders.org/all-about-smudging/)
- [Advice On Becoming a Dancer with Eya Co Nape Tasunka Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/advice-becoming-dancer-eya-co-nape-tasunka-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions How does dance help to meet new people? How does dance help with health and mood? How do dancers learn their style? Why is it important for dancers to be good role models? "Learn From" Questions What is a gift or talent that I have? How did I learn it? In what
- [A Tug of War Relationship with Dyan Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/a-tug-of-war-relationship-with-dyan-fox/) - Why weren’t Native Americans considered US citizens until 1924?What does it mean to have a “Nation to Nation” relationship between tribal nations and the federal government?What is the Homestead Act? How did it impact Native American people?What does it mean that tribal nations have had a “tug of war” relationship with the federal government? What
- [A Life of Ceremony with JT Shining Oneside](https://teachingsofourelders.org/life-ceremony-jt-shining-oneside/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a traditional Lakota wedding ceremony like? How do Ojibwe ways of being and Lakota ways of being differ? How are they the same? Where was Crazy Horse’s Sundance located? How does humor sometimes help us through difficult times? "Learn From" Questions How would I best describe my “way of life?”
- [A Helper of People with Eugene Hale](https://teachingsofourelders.org/helper-people-eugene-hale/) - "Learn About" Questions How is someone a helper of people? What are examples of helping people? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever been told that I have a certain gift or talent to share with the world? Who told me about my gift or talent? How is it helpful to be told about our gifts
- [4 Original Values with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/4-original-values-with-demus-mcdonald/) - What are ways that we show respect in our lives?What are ways we show generosity in our lives?What are ways we show bravery in our lives?What are way we show wisdom in our lives?Why are these four values the most important in traditional Dakota culture? What are examples of values that I try to live
- [13 Moons of the Native Calendar](https://teachingsofourelders.org/13-moons-of-the-native-calendar/)
- [“The Words Will Come When You Pray From Your Heart” with Josie Lawrence](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-words-will-come-when-you-pray-from-your-heart-with-josie-lawrence/) - Why is prayer less common today than in the past at gatherings such as tribal council meetings?How does prayer help gatherings to be better?What role do elders play in helping with practicing prayer and spirituality?How does addiction sometimes cause a separation from spirituality?What does it mean to “pray from your heart?” What is my understanding
- [“Th” Sounds and Learning Language with Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/th-sounds-and-learning-language-with-dan-jerome/) - "Learn About" Questions What is Haskell? What are some of the historical and contemporary facts about Haskell? "Learn From" Questions Was there ever a time where I was ashamed of where I come from? Or misrepresented who I am? Why do I think people sometimes have a hard time claiming their identity? What stories does
- [“Teach by Example” with Josie Lawrence](https://teachingsofourelders.org/teach-by-example-with-josie-lawrence/) - What does it mean to be an example for someone else?How do we lead in ways that can help others?How do we develop wisdom? Why is it important to give that wisdom away? Who is someone who has taught me by example in my life? What did they teach me?Am I someone who tries to
- [“Never Forget Who You Are” with Patricia Christensen](https://teachingsofourelders.org/never-forget-who-you-are-with-patricia-christensen/) - Why is it important to know who you are?What role does pride play in identity?What does the word “Wakanyeja” mean?Why is it important for indigenous people to know that their ancestors have lived in this place more than 10,000 years? How would I describe my own identity? What kinds of things do I include when
- [“Grandma’s Strength” with Patricia Christensen](https://teachingsofourelders.org/grandmas-strength-with-patricia-christensen/) - How did the resulting prison camps after the Minnesota Uprising in 1862 impact the Dakota People?What are some examples of Patricia’s Grandmother’s strength in difficult times?How did the formation of Reservations help her grandma to be reunited with her family? Do I know about stories of struggle from my ancestors? If so, how do those
- [“Culture and Spirituality” with Josie Lawrence](https://teachingsofourelders.org/culture-and-spirituality-with-josie-lawrence/) - What are Catholic boarding schools, and what role did they play in this area in the past? Where were they located?How do different religions see God/a higher power in similar ways? What are some differences?What does it mean to smudge? Why do people practice smudging?What is a wacipi? How is it different from a powwow?
- [Counting in Lakota](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/elementary-lesson-plans/counting-in-lakota/)
- [What We Have Given is Everything with Alex Decoteau](https://teachingsofourelders.org/what-we-have-given-is-everything-with-alex-decoteau/) - "Learn About" Questions Who are the indigenous people that live in your area? Now? Traditionally? Why do indigenous people call this land “Turtle Island”? When did Native Americans become legal citizens of the United States? What other important contributions have Native Americans made for the United States? "Learn From" Questions What place or places do
- [We Need to Learn About Each Other with Lorraine Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/need-learn-lorraine-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions What kinds of problems affect Native American communities? In what ways can education help individuals to become problem solvers? How does working with tribes and families help to solve problems facing communities? What are examples of oil issues facing the tribes today? How do traditional Native people view the land and the
- [We Have to Tell Our Own Story with Marc Bluestone](https://teachingsofourelders.org/we-have-to-tell-our-own-story-with-marc-bluestone/) - In what ways do the NDNAEU help the indigenous people of North Dakota tell their own story?Why is it important to learn about a culture directly from the people within the culture? How does it help?How do individual perspectives change when we are able to learn about others’ stories directly from them and not through
- [Water Protectors](https://teachingsofourelders.org/water-protectors/)
- [Walk the Good Road of the Ancestors with JT Shining Oneside](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-6-jt-shining-oneside/) - "Learn About" Questions What are examples of things the Earth Mother provides for all people? What medicines are found in this area? How do the medicines that the Earth Mother provide impact society as a whole? What kinds of gifts and skills are passed from grandparents to parents to individuals? What does it mean to
- [Using Everything with Vincent Grant Sr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/using-everything-with-vincent-grant-sr/) - "Learn About" Questions What contributions have the indigenous people of Turtle Island made to the field of medicine? How did people use pelts "Learn From" Questions What are some of the natural resources (tools and medicines) from around where I live? What other cultures do I have an interest in? Would I ever leave to
- [US Military - Past, Present and Future](https://teachingsofourelders.org/us-military-past-present-and-future/)
- [Trapping and Rendezvous with Vincent Grant Sr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/trapping-and-rendezvous-with-vincent-grant-sr/) -  "Learn About" Questions Who are the Michef people? Where do they live? When was the fur trade era? Who were some of the Trading Companies from that era? "Learn From" Questions What does culture mean to me? What cultures do my family represent? What do I know about my family’s history? Are there points
- [Traditional Plants and Diet](https://teachingsofourelders.org/traditional-plants-and-diet-2/)
- [Traditional Plants and Diet](https://teachingsofourelders.org/traditional-plants-and-diet/)
- [Traditional Games](https://teachingsofourelders.org/traditional-games/)
- [Trade Items with Vincent Grant Sr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/trade-items-with-vincent-grant-sr/) - "Learn About" Questions What traditional tools did indigenous people use before the fur traders brought “modern” tools, such as iron and glass beads? How might the introduction of modern tools affect the social structures of indigenous peoples? What companies that got their start during the fur trade era, are still in operation today? What relationships
- [The Veteran Wall with Marc Bluestone](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-veteran-wall-with-marc-bluestone/) - What does it mean to be a veteran?How does a person become a veteran?What are ways we can honor veterans? Are there veterans in my family? What branches of the military did they serve in?How does my family feel about the military? Why?Why is it important to have reminders of how things have been to
- [The Story of Rev. Edward Good Bird with Kevin Finley](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-story-of-rev-edward-good-bird-with-kevin-finley/) - What is an ordained minister?How did the indigenous people of this area come to know about Christianity and becoming a minister?What are some important parts of when and how someone receives a name? How many names are given to individuals during their lives? How would I describe my spiritual/religious views? How did I come to believe
- [The Story of Red Leggings with Carol Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/story-red-leggings-carol-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions Who was Elizabeth Delorem Russell aka “Red Leggings?” What was her position in the hospitals where she worked in Winnipeg and Belcourt? How did she learn about healing cancer? What is a poultice? How are they used to heal the body? Why is the Ojibwe word for cancer the same as the
- [The Role of Societies with Dusty Olson](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-role-of-societies-with-dusty-olson/) - What is the role of a society in the MHA nation?How are societies different as you grow up?What opportunities are available at different ages to join societies? How have I learned about my culture and heritage?Who has taught me about my culture and heritage?Do I see value in knowing about where and who I come
- [The Military is a Big Part of My Life with Charles Hunter](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-military-is-a-big-part-of-my-life-with-charles-hunter/) - In what ways does being a part of the military help to develop a sense of identity?What is the history of Native Americans’ involvement in the military over the years?How does the military offer young people opportunities they might not otherwise have? What role has the military played in my family’s life and history?How do
- [The Medicine Wheel with Kathryn Froelich](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-6-kathryn-froelich/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a medicine wheel? How might a medicine wheel be used as a way to talk about students’ future career paths? How does helping students look at their strengths help to guide them into thinking about professions? What is the value of keeping professionals local? "Learn From" Questions Who are native
- [The Importance of Elders with Dusty Olson](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-importance-of-elders-with-dusty-olson/) - Who are the Elders in the community where I live?How is someone designated as an Elder?In what ways were many Elders impacted by boarding schools? Who are Elders in my life that I rely on for wisdom and advice? How did I come to know the Elders in my life? Do they mostly tend to be
- [Taking and Taking and Not Giving Back with Debbe Poitra](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-6-debbe-poitra/) - "Learn About" Questions What are some examples of Native contributions to farming? What are some examples of Native contributions to medicine? What are some examples of Native contributions to music and art? How have Native people helped non-Native people to learn about respect for the land and water? Specifically in the oil industry? What happens
- [Succeeding in Both Worlds with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/succeeding-in-both-worlds-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. How important are sports to the Lakota people? 2. What are the traditional activities or values that support participation in sports among the people of the Oceti Sakowin? 3. How difficult is it to live both as a traditional Lakota person and as a member of contemporary American society? What are
- [Societies Give Opportunities to Learn About Culture with Dusty Olson](https://teachingsofourelders.org/societies-give-opportunities-to-learn-about-culture-with-dusty-olson/) - What is the Black Mouth Society?How do people join a society?What is a bundle?How are bundles cared for? Have I ever belonged to a group that helped me to learn about myself? What was it like?Have I ever been invited to join a group? What was it like to receive the invitation?How does my family
- [Silk Worms with Vincent Grant Sr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/silk-worms-with-vincent-grant-sr/) - "Learn About" Questions Where did the silkworm come from? What is the history of silk production in the United States? "Learn From" Questions How do things like the fur trade and the silk trade help us to learn about different cultures? NDNAEU Alignment:
- [Science Before it was Science with Catherine Howard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-6-catherine-howard/) - "Learn About" Questions In what ways does science impact our daily lives? What are examples of science in things like the food we eat, the clothes we wear, the homes we live in, the entertainment we enjoy, the sports we play, etc.? What are some examples of Native Americans’ knowledge of science in some of
- [Oppression & the Epidemic of Addiction with Lorraine Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/oppression-epidemic-addiction-lorraine-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions Who are people in our nation’s history who have been or continue to be oppressed? What caused or continues to cause the oppression? Why is it sometimes difficult for groups of people to be heard, seen as equal, become more educated? How do issues of oppression connect to epidemics of incarceration and
- [Native American Names on Maps](https://teachingsofourelders.org/native-american-names-on-maps/)
- [Native American Games](https://teachingsofourelders.org/native-american-games/)
- [Native American Contributions](https://teachingsofourelders.org/native-american-contributions/)
- [Moccasins for Shoes with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/moccasins-shoes-charles-moran/) - "Learn About" Questions What causes new teachers to come to communities on reservations and leave quickly? How does this turn-over of teachers impact students? Families? Communities? Why was Charles’ grandmother not allowed to stay at school? Are there current rules in education that prohibit some or make it more difficult for some to receive an
- [Medicine Wheel and Health](https://teachingsofourelders.org/medicine-wheel-and-health/)
- [Making New Lakota Words with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/making-new-lakota-words-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. How does the making of new Lakota words take place? Are “official” decisions made or does it just develop naturally in the language usage of the people? 2. How does the Lakota way of thinking impact the process for coming to understand a new concept or tool and coming up with
- [Living Off the Land with Mary Bateman](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-1-6-living-off-land-mary-bateman/) - "Learn About" Questions What animals are hunted in North Dakota? What kinds of edible plants are found in North Dakota? What crops are grown in North Dakota and where are they grown? What animals are found on North Dakota ranches? How are plants preserved? What is “dagaatch?” How would the dried corn and chokecherries be
- [It Was a Governmental Thing with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/governmental-thing-charles-moran/) - "Learn About" Questions What does it mean to say that “Children are being educated to be Americans?” How does it impact communities on the reservations? How does education change fighting from weapons to words and paper? What is the impact? What treaties have impacted native communities on Fort Berthold? What are some examples of broken
- [Introduction and Brief History of Lewis & Clark with Carmelita Lamb](https://teachingsofourelders.org/introduction-and-brief-history-of-lewis-clark-with-carmelita-lamb/) - "Learn About" Questions Where is the land base of the Apache People?Who were Lewis and Clark and what role did they play in the United States’ history?In what ways were Native American people involved in the work that Lewis and Clark did? Who were some of the Native Americans who were involved at that time?How
- [Hopes for the Future with Arlene Wadsworth](https://teachingsofourelders.org/hopes-for-the-future-with-arlene-wadsworth/) - Why are drugs becoming more of a problem in some places?In what ways do drugs and alcohol destroy families?How might law enforcement help to curb the problems of drugs in communities? Has my family been impacted negatively by someone using drugs? What happened?Have I ever witnessed drug or alcohol addiction destroy a family? What happened?Is
- [Help Through Ceremony with Kenneth Jerome Hill](https://teachingsofourelders.org/help-through-ceremony-with-kenneth-jerome-hill/) - "Learn About" Questions Why have drugs and alcohol become such a big problem in so many communities? What is a sweat lodge? What is a Sundance? What is a vision quest? How can ceremony help young people? "Learn From" Questions Have I or someone I know ever had a problem with drugs or alcohol? How
- [Having Courage to Not Play the Victim with Gerald Packineau](https://teachingsofourelders.org/courage-not-play-victim-gerald-packineau/) - "Learn About" Questions What does it mean to play the role of victim? How is education important to moving out of victimhood? How can confidence and courage help to move us toward success? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever felt victimized in my life? What caused it and how do I feel about it now?
- [God is Listening to Me with Eugene Hale](https://teachingsofourelders.org/god-is-listening-to-me-with-eugene-hale/) - "Learn About" Questions What does it mean to be in 4th Stage Cancer? Why does Eugene think it’s important to pray when someone asks? What is prayer? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever known someone struggling with cancer or another life-threatening disease? What was that like? How do I feel about prayer and spirituality? Who
- [Gifts](https://teachingsofourelders.org/gifts-2/)
- [Gifts](https://teachingsofourelders.org/gifts/)
- [Food Trading with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/food-trading-with-charles-moran/) - What is “processed” food?What are the rules around school nutrition and meals?What particular foods—plants or meats—were associated with various tribes—including the Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara?How extensive was traditional trade among Native tribes in the past?Who first came up with “soup”?What is the story behind the “flood” that Mr. Moran talked about in the 1950s? Why
- [Flute Making with Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/flute-making-with-dan-jerome/) -  "Learn About" Questions "Learn From" Questions NDNAEU Alignment:
- [Dakota and Kinship Names with Oliver Gourd](https://teachingsofourelders.org/dakota-and-kinship-names-with-oliver-gourd/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the difference between Native names and kinship names? Why are kinship names important to relationships and identity? What are some examples of kinship names that Oliver shared? What is a tiwahe? What is a tiospaye? How do these terms help with relationships? "Learn From" Questions Am I called by names
- [Counting in Lakota](https://teachingsofourelders.org/counting-in-lakota/)
- [Corn, Beans & Mounds with Charles Moran](https://teachingsofourelders.org/corn-beans-mounds-with-charles-moran/) - What is the origin of the corn grown in North Dakota?What indigenous tribes developed, grew, traded and/or used corn?What are the particular types of corn developed or used by the Hidatsa, Mandan and Arikara people?When did the Hidatsa people migrate to the ocean?Where are the “mounds” Mr. Moran is talking about? Have I visited any
- [Copper Thunderbird, Indigenous Artist](https://teachingsofourelders.org/copper-thunderbird-indigenous-artist/)
- [Contributions in the World of Art with Dennis Fox Jr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/contributions-in-the-world-of-art-with-dennis-fox-jr/) - What are examples of Native traditional arts?Who is Elk Woman?Who is Ryan Burr? Less Burr?Who is Monte Yellow Bird?How have these individuals impacted Native arts? Is art an area I have an interest in? Why or why not?What kinds of art do I enjoy?Are there artists who have impacted me or who I appreciate the
- [Contributing From the Heart with Dr Wayne Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-6-dr-wayne-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions How do educators contribute to Native communities today? How do medical doctors or nurses contribute to Native communities? How does it help a community for an individual to gain an education? "Learn From" Questions What important ways do I plan to contribute to my community? Who do I know personally who has strongly impacted
- [Connecting Cultures](https://teachingsofourelders.org/connecting-cultures/)
- [Company Men and Free Trappers with Vincent Grant Sr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/company-men-and-free-trappers-with-vincent-grant-sr/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a monopoly? What are some examples of present-day monopolies? What is a free trapper? How did monopolies affect the free trappers’ business? "Learn From" Questions What does “ethics” mean to me? In what ways has someone taken advantage of me based on a potential lack of ethics? Does culture have
- [Chemicals and Crops with Mary Bateman](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-1-6-chemicals-crops-mary-bateman/) - "Learn About" Questions Why are chemicals added to crops? What research is there about how the chemicals added to the soil to grow crops can impact humans and nature negatively? How long does it take for the chemicals to be removed from the soil? "Learn From" Questions What do I know about the way the
- [Changes in North Dakota Over Time with Marc Bluestone](https://teachingsofourelders.org/changes-in-north-dakota-over-time-with-marc-bluestone/) - Why weren’t the indigenous cultures and languages taught in North Dakota in the past?What did it take to get culture and language courses approved and added as courses in the state?What languages are currently taught in ND? What languages do I personally know and speak? How did I learn them?Is there a language or cultural
- [Change in Communities with Vincent Grant Sr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/change-in-communities-with-vincent-grant-sr/) - "Learn About" Questions How did the fur trade era affect indigenous communities? When did the fur trade begin to decline? Where might you find a modern-day fur trade rendezvous? "Learn From" Questions What people or events have come into my life that have made me change my ways of being? How have my interactions with
- [Challenges for Tribal Colleges with Leander "Russ" MacDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/challenges-tribal-colleges-leander-russ-macdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions In what ways does a low income create challenges for higher education? How does being the first from a family to go to college create challenges for students? Why are supports like tutoring important to the success of college students? "Learn From" Questions What is my own experience of socio-economic status growing
- [California Options with Edna Cavanaugh](https://teachingsofourelders.org/california-options-with-edna-cavanaugh/) - Why were there more options for jobs in California in the 1960’s than in North Dakota?What was the difference in pay between the states for healthcare positions? Have I ever had to move to find a job? What was the experience like?How does my salary for the job I currently do compare to other parts
- [Bows and Rifles with Vincent Grant Sr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/bows-and-rifles-with-vincent-grant-sr/) - "Learn About" Questions What are the different types of bows and arrows used by indigenous peoples on Turtle Island? What are the various indigenous names for the word “gun”? How are each of those names translated? What are the advantages and disadvantages of using a bow and arrow? Of a gun and ammunition? "Learn From"
- [Being a Survivor Through Helping with Gerald Packineau](https://teachingsofourelders.org/survivor-helping-gerald-packineau/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the trauma that has happened in the Fort Berthold area to the Native Americans who lived and live there? How did Christianizing and the taking of land impact the people of Fort Berthold? "Learn From" Questions Have I or my family ever experienced a significant trauma? How did it impact
- [“We Come From the Stars” with Patricia Christensen](https://teachingsofourelders.org/we-come-from-the-stars-with-patricia-christensen/) - What is an origin story? Why are they important?What does it mean to come from the stars?What are examples of origin stories from around the country and world?Why are stories and storytelling so important to the carrying on of traditions, culture and identity?How did the Minnesota Uprising of 1862 impact the Dakota People? Do I
- [Water Song](https://teachingsofourelders.org/water-song/)
- [Understanding Sovereignty](https://teachingsofourelders.org/understanding-sovereignty/)
- [Tribes Moved Around with Eugene Hale](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tribes-moved-around-with-eugene-hale/) - What were some of the reasons that tribes had to move from one place to another?How did tribes grow their populations?Why was it important to have scouts watching and looking out for the tribes? Is there someone or multiple people that I watch out for? Why? How do I watch out for them?Who had the
- [Tribal Societies with JT Shining Oneside](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-5a-jt-shining-oneside/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a traditional society in Chippewa culture? What role did societies play? Do societies still have a role in current day life? How were roles established within societies? How were roles learned and passed on? "Learn From" Questions Is there anything in my own life that resembles a society? What roles
- [Treaties](https://teachingsofourelders.org/treaties-2/)
- [Treaties](https://teachingsofourelders.org/treaties/)
- [The Ten Cent Treaty of The Turtle Mountain Chippewa](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-ten-cent-treaty-of-the-turtle-mountain-chippewa/)
- [The Meaning of Sovereignty](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-meaning-of-sovereignty/)
- [The Importance of Knowing the History with Leander "Russ" MacDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/importance-knowing-history-leander-russ-macdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions Why is the perspective of Native Americans within the state history not included at the same level as the non-Native perspective? What is a “checkerboard” reservation? How does land create stability? Sovereignty? How would tribal control of lands have changed the outcome of the people today? How might knowledge by both Native
- [The Importance of Asserting Sovereignty with Dennis Fox Jr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-importance-of-asserting-sovereignty-with-dennis-fox-jr/) - How do Native Nations relate to state governments?How do Native Nations relate to the federal government?What does “sovereignty” mean?What is going on currently between the MHA Tribes and the government related to ownership of the Missouri River bottom? How is it impacting the people?Why is infrastructure development important as part of the mining of resources?How
- [The Dangers of Fracking with Carol Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-dangers-of-fracking-with-carol-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions Native Americans taught gender roles in a teaching lodge. What other basic teachings would one expect to learn in a setting such as that? Gender roles still prevail in some cultures as a way to share responsibility and achieve balance in the society. In what situations are there specific roles for women?
- [The "White Man's Education" with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-white-mans-education-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. What does Jesse mean by “White Man’s Education”? 2. How is it part of the “American Dream”? 3. How does it differ from the “Lakota Dream”? "Learn From" Questions 1. How would you describe your “American Dream”? 2. How would you describe a dream from your ancestors? What is your role
- [St. Michael's Boarding School with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/st-michaels-boarding-school-demus-mcdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions Why did the grandpa compare school to “breaking or training a horse?” How was it similar? Where is St. Michael’s Boarding School? Is it still open? Who attended it and when? Why were they not allowed to speak in their Native language? Why was learning English so important? Why was prayer an
- [Sovereignty & Tribal Government with Dyan Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/sovereignty-tribal-government-with-dyan-fox/) - What is sovereignty?Why is understanding sovereignty so important, especially for Native American people?What are examples of how tribal governments are structured?Why are different tribes structured differently for their leadership?What are ways that tribal governments can be compared and contrasted? What is my experience in being involved with local governments?Do I see being involved with local
- [Quasi-Sovereign with Oliver Gourd](https://teachingsofourelders.org/quasi-sovereign-with-oliver-gourd/) - "Learn About" Questions What are treaties? How are they different from policies? Why were the agreements between Native people and the US Government not kept? Why did land ownership create so many issues between Native people and the government? What does sovereign mean? What does it mean to be quasi-sovereign? What is a treaty tribe?
- [Putting People in a Little Box with Debbe Poitra](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-5-debbe-poitra/) - "Learn About" Questions What is sovereignty? How have people moved away from the promises of treaties over time? Why has that happened? What are some examples of land that was lost and lives that were given up to create the treaties? What sacrifices were made? In what ways have things like health care and education
- [Peanut Butter Hands with Mary Bateman](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-5-peanut-butter-hands-mary-bateman/) - "Learn About" Questions Why would the students at a boarding school need to take food from the dining rooms to have in their own rooms? Why would the teachers need to check the students as they leave the dining rooms to see if they had food? In what way did Mary and her friends “problem
- [No Fracking on Our Reservation with Carol Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/no-fracking-on-our-reservation-with-carol-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions What is political action and what are its components? What does one need to know and do to engage in political action? How important would it be to send a clear message and make a case for or against an issue? How is political action a good option for solving a problem?
- [Native American Loss of Independence](https://teachingsofourelders.org/native-american-loss-of-independence/)
- [Mother's Boarding School Experience with Debbe Poitra](https://teachingsofourelders.org/mothers-boarding-school-experience-debbe-poitra/) - "Learn About" Questions What were the “Boarding School Era” policies of the US Government concerning Native people? What are some of the stories Native people have shared about their Boarding School experience? What impact did these US policies have on Native people historically? What are the impacts today? "Learn From" Questions Are their any stories
- [Mission Schools with Mary Bateman](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-5-mission-schools-mary-bateman/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a Mission School? Why were nuns the teachers at Mission Schools? What is a Valedictorian? Where is Haskell School? What grades are taught there? How can being on a basketball team, in choir or ballet help me in school? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever been told I was “behind”
- [Marching through Boarding School with Mary Bateman](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-5-marching-boarding-school-mary-bateman/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a boarding school? What was the boarding school at Bismarck like? Why did students ride a train to school? Why did students live at boarding schools? Why were boarding school experiences similar to military experiences? What purpose did marching serve for moving from one place to another? Why did children
- [Lewis and Clark](https://teachingsofourelders.org/lewis-and-clark-2/)
- [Lewis and Clark](https://teachingsofourelders.org/lewis-and-clark/)
- [Language & Culture Loss with Gladys Hawk](https://teachingsofourelders.org/language-culture-loss-with-gladys-hawk/) -  "Learn About" Questions 1. Why was language taken away in the 1800’s? 2. How was the language taken away? 3. What does it mean to become assimilated? 4. What act of Congress brought back the language in 1995? 5. What happened in the two generations between the late 1800’s and the late 1900’s that
- [It Takes a Village with JT Shining Oneside](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-5c-jt-shining-oneside/) - "Learn About" Questions What is sovereignty? What are ways that tribes are sovereign within the United States? How do the roles within the tribes help to raise the children? "Learn From" Questions Who has helped me to develop into the person I have become? Did I have a “village” to help raise me? If so,
- [Introduction with Edna Cavanaugh](https://teachingsofourelders.org/introduction-with-edna-cavanaugh/) - Where is the Stephan Boarding School? How long has it run?What is the Indian Relocation Act? How did it impact people?Why were Native Americans encouraged to move to new locations around the US in larger cities? Has my family ever had to move because of a new job? What was it like?Is there a place
- [Indian Relocation Act with Edna Cavanaugh](https://teachingsofourelders.org/indian-relocation-act-with-edna-cavanaugh/) - What is the Indian Relocation Act? How did it impact Native Americans in the middle 1900’s?Why were Native Americans relocated to large cities around the US?How did the Indian Relocation Act help Native Americans? Hurt Native Americans? Have I ever had to move to a place completely different from where I lived? What was the
- [Governing the People with Dr Wayne Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-5-dr-wayne-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions In what ways are Native forms of government similar and different from each other and from other forms of governing? What are the Societies? What were “Shirt Wearers”? In what ways have Native ways of organizing society changed? What are the causes behind these changes? What have been the effects of these changes?
- [Ft. Laramie Treaty, the Dawes Act, and Elouise Cobell with Dyan Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ft-laramie-treaty-the-dawes-act-and-elouise-cobell-with-dyan-fox/) - What is the Ft. Laramie Treaty of 1851?How did this treaty impact the MHA Nation?What is the Dawes Act? How did it impact the MHA Nation?Who is Elouise Cobell? How did her lawsuit impact all Native American people? What is my relationship to land ownership? Is land ownership important to me and my family?What is
- [Fractionated Land with Kathryn Froelich](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-5-kathryn-froelich/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a treaty? Why are treaties important to the past? To the future? What does it mean when land becomes fractionated? How does it impact the future when this happens? What is fee land? What is trust land? "Learn From" Questions What connection, if any, do I have to a certain
- [Experiences of Various Indigenous People](https://teachingsofourelders.org/experiences-of-various-indigenous-people/)
- [Enrollment, Reservations & the Name “Sioux” with Gladys Hawk](https://teachingsofourelders.org/enrollment-reservations-the-name-sioux-with-gladys-hawk/) -  "Learn About" Questions 1. What is a recognized tribe? 2. What is enrollment? 3. What is a Reservation? 4. What are the Reservations in North Dakota? 5. What are the tribes within the Reservations? 6. What is a full-blood or 4/4? 7. Who are the Sioux people? 8. Why did many people not want
- [Coming of Age Celebrations](https://teachingsofourelders.org/coming-of-age-celebrations/)
- [Civics, Treaties, and the Law of the Land with Scott Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/civics-treaties-and-the-law-of-the-land-with-scott-davis/) - What is the “Law of the Land” for the indigenous people of North Dakota?What does sovereignty mean for tribes within North Dakota?In what ways are the government to government relationships of tribes with the Federal Government unique to other relationships?What is blood quantum? How is it determined?Why are Native people only allowed to be enrolled
- [Busting Eggs War with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/busting-eggs-war-with-demus-mcdonald/) - Why were the Native American people starving in Minnesota in the late 1800’s?Who said, “Let them eat grass,” in reference to the starving Native people of this time?Why did the Native men steal eggs out of a farmer’s chicken coop and throw them at the farmer’s house?How did the “Busting Eggs War” get its name?How
- [Broken Treaties with Catherine Howard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-5-catherine-howard/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a treaty? Why are treaties important? What has caused treaties to become broken? How does money impact relationships within tribes and tribal councils? Why is it important to use the Dakota language as much as possible when dealing with things like treaties and policies or tribal gatherings? "Learn From" Questions
- [Boarding School with Edna Cavanaugh](https://teachingsofourelders.org/boarding-school-with-edna-cavanaugh/) - Where is St. Michael’s Boarding School?Where is Stephan Boarding School?Why were boarding schools created?Was there a downside for families if they didn’t send their children to boarding school? What was my school experience like? Did I enjoy it? Did I struggle?Who was involved in helping me with my education through the years or did I
- [Boarding School Experience with Kevin Finley](https://teachingsofourelders.org/boarding-school-experience-with-kevin-finley/) - What is/was a boarding school? Why were many boarding schools built in our area of the country in the past?What are/were some good things about boarding schools?What are/were some negative impacts of the boarding schools in this area? What was my school experience like?Was there ever a time that I “went away” to go to school?
- [Anishinabe and Treaties with JT Shining Oneside](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-5b-jt-shining-oneside/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the Department of the Interior? What does it do? Why is it also called the “War Department?” What role did smoking the pipe play in the creation of treaties? In what ways do treaties help to make the Anishinabe who they are? What does it mean to be first nations
- [American Indian Boarding Schools](https://teachingsofourelders.org/american-indian-boarding-schools/)
- [Absence of Recent History](https://teachingsofourelders.org/absence-of-recent-history/)
- [A Problem with Truancy with Dusty Olson](https://teachingsofourelders.org/a-problem-with-truancy-with-dusty-olson/) - What is the “Failure to Send Children to School” Code?What is absenteeism and how does it impact schools and students?What is the 10 Day Absent rule?What is Truancy Court? Did my family see school attendance as a priority? Why or why not?How does missing school impact learning?Do I remember a time where I missed an
- [“How Horses Came to Be” with Patricia Christensen](https://teachingsofourelders.org/how-horses-came-to-be-with-patricia-christensen/) - How does learning about life long ago help us today?Why are artifacts from long ago, especially our own family important? How can they help us?What is a “sunka”?What is a “sunka wakan”?How did they get these names? Do I know about my family’s history? What things do I know?Do I have any items that belonged
- [What’s So Funny?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/whats-so-funny/)
- [The Pope Came for a Visit with Aileen Little Ghost](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-pope-came-for-a-visit-with-aileen-little-ghost/) - Why is using actions/speaking with your hands important to understanding this joke?How can humor play a role in our daily lives? What role does humor play in my life?Is there a time when I or my family tend to joke around the most? What kinds of things do we joke about?Are there certain jokes or
- [Storytelling & Humor with Leander "Russ" MacDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/storytelling-humor-leander-russ-macdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions How does humor help to tell the story of the life of an individual who has passed away? How does humor help with disciplining children? How does storytelling help with disciplining children? How might storytelling and the use of humor help children to develop in better ways than harsh discipline? Who was
- [Sneaking Out the Biscuits with Kathryn Froelich](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-4-kathryn-froelich/) - "Learn About" Questions How can humor be used to overcome difficulties? How do some stories of hurt or trauma become funny stories? What is an example of humor and also resiliency in Kathy’s story about her mother’s boarding school experience? In what ways did the sneaking of biscuits create an opportunity for both humor and
- [Sledding Lessons with Mary Gachupin](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-2-4-sledding-lessons-mary-gachupin/) - "Learn About" Questions Mary tells a personal story in both English and Hidatsa. What similarities and differences do I notice in how she tells each story? How does language affect the telling and meaning of the story? "Learn From" Questions Do I remember a time when I was in a lot of trouble, but ended
- [Rabbit & Turtle Story with Catherine Howard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/rabbit-turtle-story-catherine-howard/) - "Learn About" Questions What type of stories are “The Rabbit and the Turtle” and “The Frog and the Turtle?” How do stories like these help us to learn about life? "Learn From" Questions In the story about the rabbit and the turtle, which character do I identify most with and why? Can I think of
- [Pointing with Your Lips with Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/pointing-with-your-lips-with-dan-jerome/) - "Learn About" Questions Where is Crazy Horse Mountain located? What do some of the proponents say about carving that mountain? What do opponents say? Why might Indians point with their lips? "Learn From" Questions What are some funny stories that you, your friends, family and/or community share as a collective group? What gestures do my
- [Lye Soap with Oliver Gourd](https://teachingsofourelders.org/lye-soap-oliver-gourd/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a boarding school? Why were students not allowed to speak in their native languages? Why was soap used as a punishment? How was the soap made? Why was it important for the students to learn English? How does humor help a difficult situation? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever been
- [Lightened in the Heart with Debbe Poitra](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-4-debbe-poitra/) - "Learn About" Questions How does humor help to bring people through tough times? What are ways that humor and grieving are connected? How do they help or hinder each other? How does humor lead to resiliency? What does it mean to “get lightened in the heart?” "Learn From" Questions Have I ever found humor to
- [Learning With Laughter with Dr Wayne Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-4-dr-wayne-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions What research has been done on the connections between humor and learning? What does that research tell us? When does “teasing” become unproductive or a problem? "Learn From" Questions What memories do I have of humor in school? How did laughing or smiling or joking impact my own learning? Do I remember
- [Jokes Don’t Sound Right in English with Arlene Wadsworth](https://teachingsofourelders.org/jokes-dont-sound-right-in-english-with-arlene-wadsworth/) - What is a wake?When do wakes happen and what kinds of things happen during a wake?How does translation cause meaning to be lost? Is humor important in my family?What kinds of things does my family find funny?Have I ever tried to tell a joke that my friends/family find funny, but a different group just doesn’t
- [Iktomi and Other Important Learnings with Catherine Howard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/iktomi-important-learnings-catherine-howard/) - "Learn About" Questions Who is Iktomi? Why is Iktomi an important character in Dakota stories? What kinds of things do we learn from Iktomi? "Learn From" Questions In this story of Iktomi tricking the women into going to pick plums, what do I see as the most important message of the story? Have I ever
- [Humor Lifts Our Spirits with Kenneth Jerome Hill](https://teachingsofourelders.org/humor-lifts-our-spirits-with-kenneth-jerome-hill/) - "Learn About" Questions How does humor help us? What role can jokes play in life? How does humor help us forget difficult things? "Learn From" Questions What role does humor play in my life? How does my family use humor? How do I participate? Are there difficult times in my life that humor has helped
- [Francis Goes to the Clinic with Oliver Gourd](https://teachingsofourelders.org/francis-goes-clinic-oliver-gourd/) - "Learn About" Questions Why are jokes used frequently in the Dakota culture? How do jokes help difficult situations become easier? "Learn From" Questions How is humor used in my family? What are some jokes or funny stories that are told over and over at my family gatherings or if not, why is humor not used?
- [Flying Gravel with Mary Gachupin](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-2-4-flying-gravel-mary-gachupin/) - "Learn About" Questions What are the differences and similarities in how Mary tells this story in both English and Hidatsa? How does her expression and way of telling it change in each version? Why is it not possible to translate this story into English in a way that will completely keep the same humor and
- [American Literature & Native Humor](https://teachingsofourelders.org/american-literature-native-humor/)
- [Always Have a Smile with Catherine Howard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-4-catherine-howard/) - "Learn About" Questions Why is humor an important part of the Dakota way of life? How are jokes that men tell and women tell different traditionally? Why is important to keep telling the funny stories of the past? "Learn From" Questions What are examples of funny stories told in my family? When do these stories
- [A Trickster and a Duck with Red Eyes with JT Shining Oneside](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-4-jt-shining-oneside/) - "Learn About" Questions What role does humor play in story telling? Why is humor so important? In the story of the duck getting red eyes, who do I most identify with…the trickster or the ducks? Why? What is the key lesson being taught in this story? Why is it important? How does humor help the
- [Osage Orange Tree](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/middle-school-lesson-plans/osage-orange-tree/)
- [We Are Honored, And So We Give with Dennis Fox Jr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/we-are-honored-and-so-we-give-with-dennis-fox-jr/) - What does it mean to be honored and how do many Native American people respond to that honor?What role does gifting play in times of honor?What does “distribution of wealth” mean in this setting?What are examples of giving payment for being given a special item?How does generosity show up in the MHA way of life?
- [Water Cycle](https://teachingsofourelders.org/water-cycle/)
- [Uses of the Buffalo](https://teachingsofourelders.org/uses-of-the-buffalo/)
- [The Value of Generosity Oliver Gourd](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-value-of-generosity-oliver-gourd/) - "Learn About" Questions What role did hunting and gardens play in developing generosity? How does sharing and generosity improve relationships? Why is it important to not only share material things but also time? "Learn From" Questions How do I show generosity in my life? How did I learn to share in my life? How can
- [Taking Care of Orphans with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/taking-care-orphans-demus-mcdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions What is an orphan? Why is it important to care for orphans? Why should we invite them to “come to my house?” What does the word wanblencia mean? Why did Demus and his wife go to the jail? In what way is each day a lesson? "Learn From" Questions What is my
- [Someone Cares for You with Debbe Poitra](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-3-debbe-poitra/) - "Learn About" Questions What does it mean to be a sharing person? What does it mean to be a generous person? How do these virtues help to shape individuals? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever been in a situation where I have had to rely on the generosity of others to get through it? How
- [Our Future is Dependent on Remembering with JT Shining Oneside](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-3-jt-shining-oneside/) - "Learn About" Questions How does the following quote from Crazy Horse exemplify the importance of sharing and generosity in his life? “As long as you come in, you could spend the night, be fed, drink the waters, and you would be cared for.” – Crazy Horse What does JT’s quote that follows mean for us?
- [Learning From Each Other](https://teachingsofourelders.org/learning-from-each-other/)
- [Helping Boy with Kenneth Jerome Hill](https://teachingsofourelders.org/helping-boy-with-kenneth-jerome-hill/) - "Learn About" Questions In what ways did Kenneth “live into” his name of Helping Boy? Why is it important in the Dakota Way to share and be generous when someone asks? How did Kenneth learn these ways? "Learn From" Questions What role does sharing and generosity play in my life? How did I learn about
- [Give Until it Hurts with Kathryn Froelich](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-3-kathryn-froelich/) - "Learn About" Questions What is generosity? What is a give-away? Why do give-aways happen? Why is important to offer a gift for a story? Why did the Arikara people traditionally give the very best of what they had to the new family joining theirs by marriage? What does it mean to “give until it hurts?”
- [Generosity with Catherine Howard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-3-catherine-howard/) - "Learn About" Questions What are ways to define generosity? Why is sharing important to the Dakota way of life? What has caused sharing and generosity to become “broken” now? What does it mean to “smudge?” "Learn From" Questions What are ways in my life that I show generosity? How does generosity impact my life and
- [Feed Them with Violet Smith](https://teachingsofourelders.org/feed-them-with-violet-smith/) - "Learn About" Questions Why is it important to feed our visitors? Why is it good to keep working late in life? "Learn From" Questions What role does hospitality play in my life? How do I engage with visitors to my home? NDNAEU Alignment:
- [Being Thankful for Elders with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/being-thankful-for-elders-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. What sorts of sacrifices have Lakota Elders made to preserve language, culture, knowledge and truth? 2. How important is it in Lakota culture for Grandparents to pass on knowledge from generation to generation? Is this still strong, or is it weakening? 3. How does the fact that grandfathers (Lala) are called
- [Being Family with Dr Wayne Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-3-dr-wayne-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions What are the perspectives on “family” among different Native cultures? How are they similar? How do they differ? What are some of the traditions around generosity, giving and sharing among Native people? "Learn From" Questions Does my family have a tradition of generosity or giving? What responsibilities do I feel I have
- [Don’t Waste Anything with Arlene Wadsworth](https://teachingsofourelders.org/dont-waste-anything-with-arlene-wadsworth/) - Why was food hard to come by in the past? Where did people get it before there were stores and restaurants?Why would it be especially important to not waste anything during these times?When did things become more easily accessible? Do I know where the food I eat comes from? Where does it come from?How do
- [You Should Be Praying with Eugene Hale](https://teachingsofourelders.org/praying-eugene-hale/) - "Learn About" Questions What is an example of a “male way” of doing something in the Dakota culture? What is an example of a “female way” of doing something in the Dakota culture? What is a takoja? What are some of the Dakota words that Eugene used? Can you identify and translate some of the
- [War of Busted Eggs (in Dakota & English) with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/war-of-busted-eggs-in-dakota-english-with-demus-mcdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions Where did the Dakota people migrate from and to during the 1800s? Why were the warriors in this story hungry? What had changed for the Dakota people that limited the amount of food they had access to? How did the taking of eggs lead to the Dakota Uprising in Minnesota? "Learn From"
- [Turtle Mountain Creation Story with Jesse Cree](https://teachingsofourelders.org/turtle-mountain-creation-story-with-jesse-cree/) - "Learn About" Questions Can animals still be called on to help humans? How could that happen? In what ways could animals assist? What are some other examples of Creation stories from other cultures? "Learn From" Questions What have you found to be true and useful in old stories you have heard? Can you think of
- [Traditional Ways with Catherine Howard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-2a-catherine-howard/) - "Learn About" Questions How is storytelling part of the circle of life for a Dakota person? How are powwows, dancing and drumming part of the circle of life? What causes guilt to occur in individuals when traditions aren’t honored? "Learn From" Questions What is a story that has been told to me by my family?
- [This is Indian Country with Scott Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/this-is-indian-country-with-scott-davis/) - What is an example of a creation story from an indigenous group from this area?What are examples of how North Dakota’s history is legendary?What important stories have been left out of textbooks regarding the indigenous people of this area? What is a creation story that I have been taught? How does the story affect me
- [There's Always a Story with Oliver Gourd](https://teachingsofourelders.org/theres-always-story-oliver-gourd/) - "Learn About" Questions What is an “Indian Name?” When are these names given? Who gives the names? What is a sundance? Why might a name be given after a sundance? What does it mean to be given a song? "Learn From" Questions How did I get my full name? Are there stories that go with
- [The Waters Rose with Kenneth Jerome Hill](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-waters-rose-with-kenneth-jerome-hill/) - "Learn About" Questions How are stories used to teach? Why were stories told in the evening around a campfire? What did Kenneth’s grandpa know about Spirit Lake long before there was a lake? How did Spirit Lake come to be? "Learn From" Questions What stories was I told as child that I now understand more
- [The Story of Thunderbird & the Sweat Lodge with JT Shining Oneside](https://teachingsofourelders.org/story-thunderbird-sweat-lodge-jt-shining-oneside/) - "Learn About" Questions Who is Frances Cree? What else can I learn about him? Who are the Anishinabe people? Where do they live? What does it mean to pray and fast? What is a thunderbird? In what ways is the nest like the sweat lodge? In what ways are the legs like the drum sticks
- [The Story of Perfections & Imperfections with Oliver Gourd](https://teachingsofourelders.org/story-perfections-imperfections-oliver-gourd/) - "Learn About" Questions Where do Dakota people live in North Dakota? What are some examples of powwow dances? What are some examples of items that are beaded? How are beads added to clothing and moccasins? Who is Wakan Tanka? What does it mean to have humility? A Dakota value is to practice placing no one
- [The Story of Coyote & Fox with Kathryn Froelich](https://teachingsofourelders.org/story-coyote-fox-kathryn-froelich/) - "Learn About" Questions What kind of story is “The Coyote and the Fox?” What kind of lesson does it teach? How is this story helpful to children especially? "Learn From" Questions In the story of “The Coyote and the Fox,” which character do I tend to be the most like? Why? Are there times I
- [The Man Without a Face with Oliver Gourd](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-man-without-a-face-with-oliver-gourd/) - "Learn About" Questions What is mni sa? How does it affect the men in this story? How does building to a punchline help a story? What is the punchline in this story, “The Man Without a Face?” How do lots of details help a story like this? "Learn From" Questions What role does storytelling play
- [Teachers Need Time with Carmelita Lamb](https://teachingsofourelders.org/teachers-need-time-with-carmelita-lamb/) - "Learn About" Questions How might educational leaders rethink how they support teachers working to implement the NDNAEU in their classrooms?If I had to make a list, what would be included on the things teachers are both accountable and responsible for in my school?How might lesson modeling help my teachers to be better prepared to integrate
- [Stories Help Us Know How to Be with Dennis Fox Jr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/stories-help-us-know-how-to-be-with-dennis-fox-jr/) - What are levels of societies?What are age societies?How do societies help young people as they develop their sense of identity?What does it mean to achieve “Warrior Status?”In what ways are stories essential to individuals’ upbringings? Have I ever belonged to a group related to my family or because others in my family belong to the
- [Spiders as Tricksters](https://teachingsofourelders.org/spiders-as-tricksters/)
- [SkySisters](https://teachingsofourelders.org/skysisters/)
- [Remembering Grandmother's Words with Eugene Hale](https://teachingsofourelders.org/remembering-grandmothers-words-with-eugene-hale/) - "Learn About" Questions What is St. Michael’s Boarding School? When did children attend this school? How did Eugene’s grandma help him? "Learn From" Questions Have I experienced a difficult time in my life that I now look back on? How did this time impact me? Have I ever forgiven someone who has really hurt me?
- [Perspectives on Columbus](https://teachingsofourelders.org/perspectives-on-columbus/)
- [Opportunities for Students are Important with Marc Bluestone](https://teachingsofourelders.org/opportunities-for-students-are-important-with-marc-bluestone/) - How does implementing local cultural learning opportunities impact the culture of the school?How do coyote and other trickster stories help students learn how not to behave?How does learning about one’s culture help to develop a sense of identity? Have I ever had opportunities through my school experience to learn about my own culture and language?
- [Northern Lights in Mixed Media](https://teachingsofourelders.org/northern-lights-in-mixed-media/)
- [Needs & Wants](https://teachingsofourelders.org/needs-wants/)
- [My Grandmother’s Words of Wisdom, Part 2 with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/my-grandmothers-words-of-wisdom-part-2-with-demus-mcdonald/) - Why does the circle in Dakota culture move clockwise?What does the phrase, “Aki apa” mean?How does focusing on aki apa help in difficult times with others? Have I ever had to deal with a bully? If so, how did I handle it?Did anyone ever help me learn how to deal with bullies/difficult people in my
- [My Grandmother’s Words of Wisdom, Part 1 with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/my-grandmothers-words-of-wisdom-part-1-with-demus-mcdonald/) - What is a guardian angel? How is it similar to the spirit Demus speaks about?How does having an education impact a person’s experience in the world?Why was it important to some families that their children attend boarding schools in the past? How do I feel about spirits or angels in my life? How did I
- [Mentoring & Being Mentored with Gerald Packineau](https://teachingsofourelders.org/mentoring-mentored-gerald-packineau/) - "Learn About" Questions What does it mean to mentor someone? What is Mormon School? What is Boarding School? How are church and state separated? How are they connected? How does mentoring help individuals develop spiritual wholeness? How does mentoring differ from controlling someone? "Learn From" Questions What is my experience of mentoring? Have I been
- [Living the Lakota Prophecy with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/living-the-lakota-prophecy-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. What’s the story of who made this prophecy? Is it documented in writing anywhere or is it passed on orally? 2. What are the different interpretations of “What has been taken from us will be returned”? 3. Is the “Lakota Dream” the same for all the people or does it vary
- [Life is a Gift Given with JT Shining Oneside](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-2-jt-shining-oneside/) - "Learn About" Questions In what ways do children begin to learn even in the womb? In what way is giving life a gift that women can give? Do all women see giving life as a gift? Why or why not? How are grandmothers the backbones of their families? Why were stories written on rocks and
- [Keep Going! with Mary Bateman](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-2-keep-going-mary-bateman/) - "Learn About" Questions "Learn From" Questions NDNAEU Alignment:
- [Just Listen with Oliver Gourd](https://teachingsofourelders.org/just-listen-oliver-gourd/) - "Learn About" Questions Why were stories told in the evenings? Why were stories told over and over even if they had been heard before? How does repetitiveness help us to learn? Why is it important to listen? "Learn From" Questions What are stories I remember having been told to me when I was a child?
- [Important Lessons from Grandma with Eugene Hale](https://teachingsofourelders.org/important-lessons-from-grandma-with-eugene-hale/) - What does the word kunci mean?Who is Iktomi?How does Iktomi help to teach lessons? What was/is my relationship like with my grandparents? What role do/did they play in my life?Are there stories about my family’s history that I have been told to help me learn a lesson? What are they?Have I ever had to learn
- [Iktomi's Predictions with Oliver Gourd](https://teachingsofourelders.org/iktomis-predictions-with-oliver-gourd/) - "Learn About" Questions How does Iktomi teach us what not to do? Why does Iktomi play tricks? What did Iktomi predict about the following: Language Elders The Moon The Web Why didn’t people believe him? "Learn From" Questions How was I taught not to do certain things? Did storytelling play a role in my life?
- [Iktomi Story of Bad Medicine (in Dakota & English) with Demus Mcdonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/iktomi-story-of-bad-medicine-in-dakota-english-with-demus-mcdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions Who is Iktomi? What kind of character does Iktomi play in stories? In what ways does Iktomi exist in our lives today? "Learn From" Questions What stories do I remember being told as a child? What kinds of lessons did I learn from those stories? What characters do I remember from stories
- [Healing Grandparents with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/healing-grandparents-with-demus-mcdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions What were the tipi poles gathered for in this story? Why was it important that Demus prepared them? What role did the poles play in this story? How did his grandpa heal the man? Why did Demus have to cut up the poles after the man was healed? How did Demus’s grandma
- [Growing Up Michif with Debbe Poitra](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-2-debbe-poitra/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the Michif culture and language? What are some examples of traditions, folklore and values of the Michif culture? What languages make up the Michif language? "Learn From" Questions Does my family or extended family have terms that we use that are specific to our family? What are some examples? How
- [Grandmother’s Stories with Gladys Hawk](https://teachingsofourelders.org/grandmothers-stories-with-gladys-hawk/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. What was it like to not have electricity? Did this help the storytelling? 2. Why did you sleep with your grandmother? 3. Do you think people have more trouble visualizing stories in their minds today? 4. How much did the stories change over time? 5. What lessons did you learn from
- [Grandmother's Moccasins with Eugene Hale](https://teachingsofourelders.org/grandmothers-moccasins-with-eugene-hale/) - "Learn About" Questions How old are the moccasins Eugene shared? How were they made? What were they made out of? "Learn From" Questions Do I have any items from my grandparents? What are they and how do I feel about them? Do I have things I hope to pass on to my children or grandchildren?
- [Grandkids with Arlene Wadsworth](https://teachingsofourelders.org/grandkids-with-arlene-wadsworth/) - Why did people have to haul water with a sled in the past? Where did they get it? What did they haul it in?What are kerosene lamps?Why were kerosene lamps needed in the past? Is there someone in my life that has told me about what life was like long ago? What do I remember
- [Dust Whirlwind with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/dust-whirlwind-with-demus-mcdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions Why was Demus named Maka Nahomni? Why did his grandma name him instead of his mom? Why did Demus and his wife take in foster children over the years? "Learn From" Questions How did I get my name? Who named me? How has my name shaped the person I have become? Are
- [Dreamcatcher](https://teachingsofourelders.org/dreamcatcher/)
- [Culture in the Classroom with Dr Wayne Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-2-dr-wayne-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions What is a prayer song? What is the Flag song? In what ways is storytelling important to learning? What is the Arikara Creation Story? "Learn From" Questions Do I have any songs that are like “prayer songs” for me? What are they? When do I sing or listen to them? What experiences
- [Columbus Lost?](https://teachingsofourelders.org/columbus-lost/)
- [Classroom Management & Storytelling with Kathryn Froelich](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-2-kathryn-froelich/) - "Learn About" Questions In what ways is storytelling a part of the Arikara way of life? What is the story of the Seven Sisters? What are some examples of coyote being a trickster in traditional Arikara stories? How does storytelling help children to learn better? What are some ways to bring storytelling into classrooms more
- [Celebration Songs](https://teachingsofourelders.org/celebration-songs-2/)
- [Be Prepared](https://teachingsofourelders.org/be-prepared/)
- [To Build A Fire](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/high-school-lesson-plans/to-build-a-fire/)
- [The Dakota's Land](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-dakotas-land/)
- [Sacred Relatives](https://teachingsofourelders.org/sacred-relatives/)
- [Respect on Turtle Island with JT Shining One Side](https://teachingsofourelders.org/respect-turtle-island-jt-shining-one-side-2/) - "Learn About" Questions What are the names of some of the 560 tribes JT refers to in this video? Where are the tribes located? What is Turtle Island? How did it get its name? What are creation stories, and what is an example of one? How do young people learn to show respect? "Learn From"
- [Geography & Interconnectedness](https://teachingsofourelders.org/geography-interconnectedness/)
- [Clans](https://teachingsofourelders.org/clans/)
- [Caring for Mother Earth](https://teachingsofourelders.org/caring-for-mother-earth/)
- [Bundles with Kevin Finley](https://teachingsofourelders.org/bundles-with-kevin-finley/) - What is a bundle?What kinds of things are kept in a bundle?Who keeps the bundle for a family? How is that person chosen?What is an example of a protocol for caring for a bundle?In what ways are the caring for and importance of bundles similar to caring for and using the Bible? What is my
- [Broken Circle with Catherine Howard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-2b-catherine-howard/) - "Learn About" Questions What are examples of negative things that can have an impact on the circle of life? What does it mean to show respect to others? What is an example of how I show respect in my life? Why is it important to look at things like how we dress when we talk
- [Boarding School Experiences with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/boarding-school-experiences-with-demus-mcdonald/) - Where is St. Michael’s Boarding School? What years has it been open?Why were people punished for speaking indigenous languages in the boarding schools in the past?Why were students not allowed to pray in their traditional language?What was the goal of the boarding schools in the past? Have I ever attended a school where I had
- [Bad Medicine on the Tongue with Demus McDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/bad-medicine-tongue-demus-mcdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions Bad medicine – makes you sick, put it in their mouth, argue, when you open your mouth, the bad medicine comes in and makes you sick, keep your mouth closed, lesson What is meant by “bad medicine?” What causes bad medicine to come out? How did watching his grandma help Demus to
- [Arikara Songs with Mary Bateman](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-2-arikara-songs-mary-bateman/) - "Learn About" Questions "Learn From" Questions
- [A Time for Stories with Kevin Finley](https://teachingsofourelders.org/a-time-for-stories-with-kevin-finley/) - When is the time of year for stories to be told?When were stories shared in the past? How were they shared? Why are the stories important to identity and history?What role did/do dogs play in the Hidatsa culture?What role did/do horses play in the Hidatsa culture?How did horses and hunting abilities impact the identity of
- [“We All Need Help With Addiction” with Josie Lawrence](https://teachingsofourelders.org/we-all-need-help-with-addiction-with-josie-lawrence/) - What are the 12 Steps of Alcoholics Anonymous?Why is the first step of admitting I have a problem so important?Why have suicide and drugs like meth become so prevalent, especially in Reservation communities?What role can God/belief in a higher power play in healing from addiction? Have I or someone I have known ever dealt with
- ["Wolakota" with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/wolakota-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. What are the various creation or origin stories of the people of the Oceti Sakowin? How are they similar or different from other creation or origin stories? 2. What is “capitalism” and how might it cause misunderstandings of the idea of “wolakota” or peace? 3. Mr. Taken Alive said, “What we
- [“A Sad Story” with Patricia Christensen](https://teachingsofourelders.org/a-sad-story-with-patricia-christensen/) - Who were the characters in this story?When and where did it take place?What are the most important points of the story?What do stories like this one teach us?How does the translation from Dakota to English impact the meaning of this story? Is there a story I know that was told over and over to me
- [Where I Am From with Charles Hunter](https://teachingsofourelders.org/where-i-am-from-with-charles-hunter/) - Where are the Mandan/Hidatsa/Arikara tribal members located?What are ways that cultural knowledge and identity are passed on from one generation to the next?Why is it so important to take care of the land? What is my cultural background? What do I know about the places my ancestors come from?What are some of the things that
- [When Our Spirits Are Broken with Lorraine Davis](https://teachingsofourelders.org/spirits-broken-lorraine-davis/) - "Learn About" Questions In what way is an individual’s cultural identity important to being a part of making change? What things make up an individual’s cultural identity? How does the environment that we spend time in affect our identity? How does the environment we spend time in affect our self-esteem? How does a strong sense
- [Water Is Life with Aileen Little Ghost](https://teachingsofourelders.org/water-is-life-with-aileen-little-ghost/) - Why did people dry foods in the past to keep through winter? Do people still do this today?Why is water so important to people?What does it mean to say, “Water is life?”Who is Tunkasila? What is my experience with drying, canning, or other methods of preserving food?Do I feel connected to a Creator? Why or
- [The Value of Kinship with Kathryn Froelich](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-1b-kathryn-froelich/) - "Learn About" Questions What is kinship? What are examples of relationships within a kinship system? How are kinship relationships different from other relationships? What are examples of ways that kinship impacts how we relate to others? "Learn From" Questions Who do I consider to be my kin? Are all of my kin related to me
- [The Story of Tobacco with Jesse Taken Alive](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-story-of-tobacco-with-jesse-taken-alive/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. What is the Hanbleceya Ceremony? 2. What does Takoja mean? 3. Why do the Lakota people use cansasa in traditional ceremony rather than the leaf tobacco used in most cigarettes and cigars? 4. What is Canunpa? How did the use of this begin with the Lakota people? 5. What is the
- [The Land with Arlene Wadsworth](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-land-with-arlene-wadsworth/) - Why is it important to take care of the land?What are the animals that live in this area?What are examples of plants that live in this area? How do I take care of the land I live on? What are some examples? Is it important to me? Why or why not?Do I like to have
- [The Land as Grandmother with Gladys Hawk](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-land-as-grandmother-with-gladys-hawk/) -  "Learn About" Questions 1. What is the difference between “living off” the land, “living with” the land and simply “living on” the land? 2. In what way is the Land your grandmother? 3. What things does “Mother Earth” provide for the people? "Learn From" Questions 1. Who has provided for me…a Grandmother? Grandfather? Mother?
- [The Buffalo and Its Relationship to the People with Dennis Fox Jr.](https://teachingsofourelders.org/the-buffalo-and-its-relationship-to-the-people-with-dennis-fox-jr/) - What are examples of ways the buffalo was used for food?What are examples of the ways the buffalo was used for utensils or tools?What are examples of ways the buffalo was used for shelter and clothing?Why is ceremony important prior to the hunt?What does it mean for an animal to be our brother?Why are only
- [Sacred Relatives with JT Shining Oneside](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-1-jt-shining-oneside/) - "Learn About" Questions What are ways we connect with Mother Earth each day? How does Mother Earth give us messages to hear? What are examples of Sacred Relatives? Who are the swimmers? Who are the 4-leggeds? Who are the winged? Who are the crawlers? What is the doodooswan? What is the Thirsty Dance? "Learn From"
- [Respecting Nature with Debbe Poitra](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-1-debbe-poitra/) - "Learn About" Questions What does it mean to have respect for nature? What does it mean to have respect for others? How does a practice like saying the Rosary help individuals connect to nature? What are some things about our bodies that are examples of how intricate they are? "Learn From" Questions Is connecting to
- [Respect is Most Important with Violet Smith](https://teachingsofourelders.org/respect-is-most-important-with-violet-smith/) - "Learn About" Questions What does it mean to respect the living things around us? How do we show respect to our sacred relatives? How does respect for the environment around us help us in return to be nourished? "Learn From" Questions How did I learn about respect in my life? What is my connection to
- [Relationship with the Land with Dr Wayne Fox](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-1-dr-wayne-fox/) - "Learn About" Questions How do Native people define “spirituality”? What might be the difference between “spirituality” and “religion”? How are the “sacred” uses of part of the buffalo connected with the practical uses of the buffalo? In what way is a rock a “grandfather”? "Learn From" Questions What is my definition of “spirituality” or “spirit”?
- [Reciprocity with the Land with Gladys Hawk](https://teachingsofourelders.org/reciprocity-with-the-land-with-gladys-hawk/) - "Learn About" Questions 1. What is reciprocity? 2. How can we give back to the earth for the coal we take? 3. What is the right place of technology? 4. What role should scientists play in setting limits on oil and coal use? "Learn From" Questions 1. What do I think should be done to
- [Nature Heals with Kenneth Jerome Hill](https://teachingsofourelders.org/nature-heals-with-kenneth-jerome-hill/) - "Learn About" Questions In what ways do people use nature to heal? How do people learn about natural plants and herbs that have healing properties? What are some plants and animals that Native people used/use to cure sickness? How are medicines gathered? "Learn From" Questions Does my family use natural products to heal wounds or
- [Nature and Spirituality with Kathryn Froelich](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-1a-kathryn-froelich/) - "Learn About" Questions What is spirituality? How does connecting with nature help to connect us with our spirituality? What is a give-away? Why do blankets need to touch the ground before giving them away? What does it mean to respect animals and the earth? What are examples of creation stories? "Learn From" Questions How do
- [Mitak’ Oyasin with Leander “Russ” MacDonald](https://teachingsofourelders.org/mitak-oyasin-leander-russ-macdonald/) - "Learn About" Questions What does “mitak’ oyasin” mean? What does it mean to all be related? How does spirituality define the way we relate to the Creator? In what ways does spirituality help with addiction and becoming sober? How do our day to day interactions and decisions impact our legacy? How does knowing that every
- [Getting Ready for Winter with Angeline Fourth Iron Road](https://teachingsofourelders.org/getting-ready-winter-angeline-fourth-iron-road/) - "Learn About" Questions How did gardens help people prepare for winter in the past? What is a root cellar? Why was it needed? What is wasna? Why was it an important food for the people in the past? What is tripe and how is it prepared? Why is it important to still understand how to
- [Circle of Life with Catherine Howard](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-1-catherine-howard/) - "Learn About" Questions What is the circle of life? What things are part of the circle of life? What does it mean to present myself in a modest way? "Learn From" Questions What does it mean to be connected to water and rocks and other things in nature? How have I experienced that connection? In
- [All Living Things Are Holy with Jerome Dancing Bull](https://teachingsofourelders.org/all-living-things-are-holy-with-jerome-dancing-bull/) - What does it mean for a living thing to be holy?What is the difference between hunting for survival and hunting for sport?What are examples of rules around hunting similar to the ones Jerome shared? Are they still practiced? Do I consider the living things around me to be holy? The unloving things? Why? If not,
- [“Traditional Foods” with Patricia Lawrence](https://teachingsofourelders.org/traditional-foods-with-patricia-lawrence/) - What is sage used for?What is sweet grass used for?What is bitter root used for?What is timpsila? How is it used?What is wojapi?How did people prepare and preserve foods in the past? Are there plants that grow near me that I use for food or medicinal purposes? What are they? How do I use them?What
- [Resources by NDNAEU](https://teachingsofourelders.org/resources-by-ndnaeu/) - Elder Interviews Lesson Plans
- [Changing Cultures](https://teachingsofourelders.org/changing-cultures/)
- [Celebration Songs](https://teachingsofourelders.org/celebration-songs/)
- [High School Lesson Plans](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/high-school-lesson-plans/) - High SchoolHigh School Career & Technical Ed.High School CultureHigh School Fine & Performing ArtsHigh School Language ArtsHigh School Library TechnologyHigh School PE & HealthHigh School Social Studies
- [Middle School Lesson Plans](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/middle-school-lesson-plans/) - Middle SchoolMiddle School CultureMiddle School Career & Technical Ed.Middle School Fine & Performing ArtsMiddle School Language ArtsMiddle School Library TechnologyMiddle School PE and HealthMiddle School ScienceMiddle School Social Studies
- [Elementary Lesson Plans](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/elementary-lesson-plans/) - All ElementaryElementary CultureElementary CultureElementary Fine & Performing ArtsElementary Language ArtsElementary MathElementary ScienceElementary Social Studies
- [A Lesson on Diabetes](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tie-conference-home/lesson-plans-aligned-to-the-ndnaeu/middle-school-lesson-plans/a-lesson-on-diabetes/)
- [NDNAEU Lesson Creation](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-lesson-creation/) - Tools you may need: Blank NDNAEU IDM Lesson templateIDM Lesson at-a-glance sheetIDM Lesson websiteNorth Dakota Content StandardsNDNAEU Document Loading…
- [Online Circle of Trust](https://teachingsofourelders.org/online-circle-of-trust/) - What is an Online Circle of Trust? "Learn From" Questions Have I ever experienced my spirit walking while I sleep? What was it like and where did I go?Do I feel that I have a “warrior” that helps and watches over me? If so, what is the warrior like? Does it have a name?Am I
- [Bringing Story Through Objects](https://teachingsofourelders.org/bringing-story-through-objects/) - “Bringing stories through objects and information to visitors is what I do.” -- Erik Holland This series of clips comes from an interview with Erik Holland, the Curator of Education at the State Historical Society of North Dakota. Mr. Holland explores the value of using objects and museum experiences to encourage learning. He also discusses
- [ND Diversity Is...](https://teachingsofourelders.org/nd-diversity-is/) - Drop photos to be uploaded here:
- [Deep Knowledge of Their Students](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understandings-culturally-responsive-practices/socio-cultural-consciousness/high-expectations/desire-to-make-a-difference/constructivist-approach/deep-knowledge-of-their-students/) - Section 6 – Deep Knowledge of Their Students View video: Questions for Reflection and Circle Discussion: Do I believe that knowing my students and their families is helpful to their learning? Why or why not?How well do I know my students outside of my classroom setting?What strategies do I have for getting to know my
- [Essential Understandings & Culturally Responsive Practices Online Course](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understandings-culturally-responsive-practices/) - Section One: Introduction Begin by viewing the video: Important Links: Culturally Responsive Teaching article, Full Prezi (to review later), www.wolakotaproject.org, www.teachingsofourelders.org, www.tie.net How to Proceed Although it would certainly be beneficial to move through this content on your own (reading, watching, reflecting, journaling), we feel the most productive use of this workshop material is to
- [Culturally Responsive Teaching Practices](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understandings-culturally-responsive-practices/socio-cultural-consciousness/high-expectations/desire-to-make-a-difference/constructivist-approach/deep-knowledge-of-their-students/culturally-responsive-teaching-practices/) - Section 7 – Culturally Responsive Teaching Practices View video: Questions for Reflection and Circle Discussion: What categories of learners might my school community tend to “expect less” from?What lived experiences or home cultures might my school community tend to see as “barriers to learning” rather than strengths?What learners or groups of learners might have difficulty
- ["Diversity" and Indigenous Elder Interviews](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understandings-culturally-responsive-practices/socio-cultural-consciousness/high-expectations/desire-to-make-a-difference/constructivist-approach/deep-knowledge-of-their-students/culturally-responsive-teaching-practices/unity-essential-understandings/diversity-and-indigenous-elder-interviews/) - Section 9 -- "Diversity" and Indigenous Elder Interviews View video: Questions for Reflection and Circle Discussion: Why is it important to have the individual elder stories to support the Essential Understandings in my learning environment?How do the elder stories promote diversity?To what extent are the elder videos in my state being used in my school?How
- [Essential Understandings & Culturally Responsive Practices- Conclusion](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understandings-culturally-responsive-practices/socio-cultural-consciousness/high-expectations/desire-to-make-a-difference/constructivist-approach/deep-knowledge-of-their-students/culturally-responsive-teaching-practices/unity-essential-understandings/diversity-and-indigenous-elder-interviews/essential-understandings-culturally-responsive-practices-conclusion/) - Section 10 -- Conclusion View video: Questions for Reflection and Circle Discussion: After reading through the Essential Understandings for my state, what are some of my initial reactions and reflections?Is there an Essential Understanding that easily fits into my instructional context?After looking through the lesson resources on the website, what is one new idea I
- ["Unity" & Essential Understandings](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understandings-culturally-responsive-practices/socio-cultural-consciousness/high-expectations/desire-to-make-a-difference/constructivist-approach/deep-knowledge-of-their-students/culturally-responsive-teaching-practices/unity-essential-understandings/) - Section 8 --"Unity" and Essential Understandings View video: Questions for Reflection and Circle Discussion: What are some easy connections between the Essential Understandings and the content I teach?How might the Essential Understandings become a vehicle for creating unity in my setting?In what ways are standards and Essential Understandings similar? Different?To what degree are the Essential
- [Constructivist Approach](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understandings-culturally-responsive-practices/socio-cultural-consciousness/high-expectations/desire-to-make-a-difference/constructivist-approach/) - Section 5 – Constructivist Approach View video: Questions for Reflection and Circle Discussion: What are my personal feelings about the Constructivist Approach in education? Do I see my students as possessing the building blocks needed for them to construct their own learning? What “blocks” might be missing for some of my students to learn successfully?Do
- [Desire to Make a Difference](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understandings-culturally-responsive-practices/socio-cultural-consciousness/high-expectations/desire-to-make-a-difference/) - Section 4 – Desire to Make a Difference View the video: Questions for Reflection and Circle Discussion What barriers do I see in my students’ efforts toward success in learning?Are there actions I can take in my role as an educator to impact positive change around barriers to learning for my students? What might they
- [High Expectations](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understandings-culturally-responsive-practices/socio-cultural-consciousness/high-expectations/) - Section 3 – High Expectations View video: Questions for Reflection and Circle Discussion: Do I consider myself to be an educator who holds high expectations for my students? What are examples of some ways in which I practice this?Are there certain types or groups of students who I tend to expect less from? Why? What
- [Socio-Cultural Consciousness](https://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understandings-culturally-responsive-practices/socio-cultural-consciousness/) - Section Two: Socio-Cultural Consciousness Begin by viewing the video: Questions for Reflection and Circle discussion What socio-cultural context did I grow up within? (Ex: Class, race, culture, economic status, etc.). In what way did that context impact my learning?What socio-cultural contexts exist in the school where I teach? In what ways do these contexts impact
- [Guidelines for Asking Honest, Open Questions…](https://teachingsofourelders.org/guidelines-for-asking-honest-open-questions/) - …in support of the rule “no fixing, no saving, no advising, no setting each other straight”—and in support of our intention to help each other listen for inner truth… • An honest, open question is one you cannot possibly ask while thinking, “I know the right answer to this and I sure hope you give
- [Regional Training Pics and Posters!](https://teachingsofourelders.org/regional-training-pics-posters/) - Regional Training Pics and Posters! Devils Lake, ND Regional Training: Parshall, ND Regional Training: North Dakota Studies (Bismarck) Regional Training: New Town Schools Training: Baron Blanchard's 8th Grade ND Studies class posters from Horizon Middle School
- [Phase IV Culturally Responsive Practice & the NDNAEU Overview](https://teachingsofourelders.org/phase-iv-culturally-responsive-practice-the-ndnaeu-overview/) - Phase IV Culturally Responsive Practice & the NDNAEU Overview 15 minutes Opening & Introductions 1 hour- Culturally Responsive Practice 15 minutes- Tour of the Teachings of Our Elders web resources 10 minute break 30 minutes- Crayons & Shelterbelts with Kevin Locke (Standing Rock) 1 hour- Overview of NDNAEUs (small group discussion & poster making including 1 break) Click
- [Presentations](https://teachingsofourelders.org/presentations/) - NDNAEU & Dropout Prevention 2017 North Dakota Fall Education Conference
- [Phase II Two-Day Training](https://teachingsofourelders.org/phase-ii-two-day-training/) - North Dakota Native American Essential Understandings (NDNAEU) 2-Day Training Day 1 8:00-8:30 Registration Time 8:30- 9:00 Opening Introduction with Elder JT Shining Oneside (circle session) 9:00 – 10:15 Overview of NDNAEU 1, 2, 3 & 4 (small group discussion & whole group presentations) Click Here to Download Discussion Guide Team NDNAEU 1 Sacred Relatives: http://teachingsofourelders.org/essential-understanding-1-jt-shining-oneside/ “Sacred
- [Phase III Half-Day Training](https://teachingsofourelders.org/phase-iii-half-day-training/) - North Dakota Native American Essential Understandings (NDNAEU) Half-Day Training (afternoon) What Is Culturally Responsive Teaching? 12:45- 1:00 Opening Introduction 1:00- 1:15 Tour of the Teachings of Our Elders web resources 1:15- 1:45 Crayons & Shelterbelts with Kevin Locke (Standing Rock) http://www.wolakotaproject.org/oseu-two-kevin-locke-crayons-shelterbelts/ 1:45- 1:55 Break 1:55 – 3:00 Overview of NDNAEUs (small group discussion & poster making)
- [NDNAEU Aligned Lessons](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-aligned-lessons/) - Hover over the content areas below to find the link to each set of lessons.
- [NDNAEU Professional Development](https://teachingsofourelders.org/ndnaeu-professional-development/) - North Dakota Native American Essential Understandings (NDNAEU) 2-Day Training Day 1 8:00-8:30 Registration Time Day 1 8:30- 9:00 Opening Introduction with Elder JT Shining Oneside (circle session) Day 1 9:00 – 10:15 Overview of NDNAEU 1, 2, 3 & 4 (small group discussion & whole group presentations) Click Here to Download Discussion Guide Team NDNAEU 1
- [Interviews By Tribal Affiliation](https://teachingsofourelders.org/interviews-tribal-affiliation/) - Elder Interviews by Tribal Affiliation
- [Interviewing the Elders](https://teachingsofourelders.org/elder/) - Interviewing the Elders The Teachings Of Our Elders approach includes several key elements that all work together to help the NDNAEU be successfully implemented within schools. The Seven NDNAEU themselves (cultural “Essential Understandings”) Curriculum Development and modeling (done in schools) The development of NDNAEU aligned Lesson Plans (produced by ND educators who are a part of the NDNAEU
- [Contact Us](https://teachingsofourelders.org/contact_tie/) - If you have questions, please contact: Lucy Fredericks ND Indian Education Director (701) 328-1718 office Dr. Scott Simpson or Sharla Steever, NDNAEU Project Co-Directors Technology & Innovation in Education Learning Specialists Name* First Last Email* Phone*Questions/CommentsCAPTCHA
- [About](https://teachingsofourelders.org/about/) - April 2015 was the first gathering of elders meeting in Bismarck, North Dakota. The elder representatives from the North Dakota tribal groups joined together in sharing, storytelling, and wisdom conversations to determine the development of the "understandings" about native culture, history, and lifestyle that are "essential" for all of North Dakota's children to know. This

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- [Fine & Performing Arts](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/all-lesson-plans/lesson-plan/fine-performing-arts/)
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- [Middle School Science](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/all-lesson-plans/middle-school/middle-school-science/)
- [Elementary Fine & Performing Arts](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/all-lesson-plans/elementary/elementary-fine-performing-arts/)
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- [NDNAEU 2 Interview](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/resources-by-ndnaeu/ndnaeu-2-interview/)
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- [NDNAEU 6 Lesson](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/resources-by-ndnaeu/ndnaeu-6-lesson/)
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- [NDNAEU 3 Interview](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/resources-by-ndnaeu/ndnaeu-3-interview/)
- [NDNAEU 4 Interview](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/resources-by-ndnaeu/ndnaeu-4-interview/)
- [NDNAEU 5 Interview](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/resources-by-ndnaeu/ndnaeu-5-interview/)
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- [NDNAEU 6 Interview](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/resources-by-ndnaeu/ndnaeu-6-interview/)
- [NDNAEU 7 Interview](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/resources-by-ndnaeu/ndnaeu-7-interview/)
- [SB 2304](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/sb-2304/)
- [ND Learning Principles](https://teachingsofourelders.org/category/nd-learning-principles/)

## Tags

- [Dan Jerome](https://teachingsofourelders.org/tag/dan-jerome/)
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